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Basal Values of Biochemical and Hematological Parameters in Elite Athletes

Author

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  • Angel Enrique Díaz Martínez

    (ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
    Clinical Laboratory Unit, Department of Sport and Health, Spanish Agency for Health Protection in Sport (Agencia Española de Protección de la Salud en el Deporte—AEPSAD), 28040 Madrid, Spain)

  • María José Alcaide Martín

    (Department of Laboratory Emergency, La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain)

  • Marcela González-Gross

    (ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
    Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain)

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to show how continuous exercise affects the basal values of biochemical and hematological parameters in elite athletes. A total of 14,010 samples (male = 8452 and female = 5558 (March 2011–March 2020)) from 3588 elite athletes (male = 2258 and female = 1330, mean age 24.9 ± 6.9 vs. 24.1 ± 5.5 years, respectively) from 32 sport modalities, were studied over 9 years to check the variation of basal biochemical and hematological parameter values. There were differences seen in the basal values of creatine kinase (CK), urea, creatinine, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), potassium, total bilirubin, and eosinophil percentage compared to reference population data. However, other analytes showed narrow ranges of variation like glucose, total protein, albumin, sodium, hemoglobin, mean cell volume (MCV), and platelet count. Exercise produces changes in biochemical and hematological basal values of athletes compared to the general population, with the greatest variation in CK, but AST, ALT, LDH, potassium, and total bilirubin (TBil) show high values in serum, only with a wider distribution of values. The data here reflects the effect of exercise on biochemical and hematological parameter baseline ranges in elite athletes. As clinical laboratories use reference intervals to validate clinical reports, these “pseudo” reference intervals should be used when validating laboratory reports.

Suggested Citation

  • Angel Enrique Díaz Martínez & María José Alcaide Martín & Marcela González-Gross, 2022. "Basal Values of Biochemical and Hematological Parameters in Elite Athletes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-15, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:5:p:3059-:d:764817
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nuria Romero-Parra & Laura Barba-Moreno & Beatriz Rael & Víctor M. Alfaro-Magallanes & Rocío Cupeiro & Ángel E. Díaz & Francisco J. Calderón & Ana B. Peinado, 2020. "Influence of the Menstrual Cycle on Blood Markers of Muscle Damage and Inflammation Following Eccentric Exercise," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-12, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Diego Fernández-Lázaro & Cesar I. Fernandez-Lazaro & Jesús Seco-Calvo & Evelina Garrosa & David P. Adams & Juan Mielgo-Ayuso, 2022. "Effects of Tribulus terrestris L. on Sport and Health Biomarkers in Physically Active Adult Males: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-19, August.
    2. Răzvan-Sandu Enoiu & Iulia Găinariu & Veronica Mîndrescu, 2023. "Implementing Modern Technology for Vital Sign Monitoring to Enhance Athletic Training and Sports Performance," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-16, January.

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