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Quality of National Disease Surveillance Reporting before and during COVID-19: A Mixed-Method Study in Indonesia

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  • Muhammad Hardhantyo

    (Center for Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
    Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Respati Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia)

  • Hanevi Djasri

    (Center for Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia)

  • Aldilas Achmad Nursetyo

    (Center for Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia)

  • Andriani Yulianti

    (Center for Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia)

  • Bernadeta Rachela Adipradipta

    (Center for Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia)

  • William Hawley

    (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Global Health Protection, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA)

  • Jennifer Mika

    (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Global Health Protection, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA)

  • Catharina Yekti Praptiningsih

    (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Global Health Protection, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA)

  • Amalya Mangiri

    (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Global Health Protection, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA)

  • Endang Burni Prasetyowati

    (Directorate of Surveillance and Health Quarantine, Ministry of Health, Jakarta 12950, Indonesia)

  • Laura Brye

    (Project HOPE, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA)

Abstract

Background: Global COVID-19 outbreaks in early 2020 have burdened health workers, among them surveillance workers who have the responsibility to undertake routine disease surveillance activities. The aim of this study was to describe the quality of the implementation of Indonesia’s Early Warning and Response Alert System (EWARS) for disease surveillance and to measure the burden of disease surveillance reporting quality before and during the COVID-19 epidemic in Indonesia. Methods: A mixed-method approach was used. A total of 38 informants from regional health offices participated in Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and In-Depth Interview (IDI) for informants from Ministry of Health. The FGD and IDI were conducted using online video communication. Yearly completeness and timeliness of reporting of 34 provinces were collected from the application. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically, and quantitative data were analyzed descriptively. Results: Major implementation gaps were found in poorly distributed human resources and regional infrastructure inequity. National reporting from 2017–2019 showed an increasing trend of completeness (55%, 64%, and 75%, respectively) and timeliness (55%, 64%, and 75%, respectively). However, the quality of the reporting dropped to 53% and 34% in 2020 concomitant with the SARS-CoV2 epidemic. Conclusions: Report completeness and timeliness are likely related to regional infrastructure inequity and the COVID-19 epidemic. It is recommended to increase report capacities with an automatic EWARS application linked systems in hospitals and laboratories.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Hardhantyo & Hanevi Djasri & Aldilas Achmad Nursetyo & Andriani Yulianti & Bernadeta Rachela Adipradipta & William Hawley & Jennifer Mika & Catharina Yekti Praptiningsih & Amalya Mangiri & En, 2022. "Quality of National Disease Surveillance Reporting before and during COVID-19: A Mixed-Method Study in Indonesia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-15, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:5:p:2728-:d:759575
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Darius Erlangga & Shehzad Ali & Karen Bloor, 2019. "The impact of public health insurance on healthcare utilisation in Indonesia: evidence from panel data," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 64(4), pages 603-613, May.
    2. H Manjula Bai, 2020. "The Socio-Economic Implications of the Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19): A Review," ComFin Research, Shanlax Journals, vol. 8(4), pages 8-17, October.
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