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The Evolving Regulatory Landscape for Fentanyl: China, India, and Global Drug Governance

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  • Chao Wang

    (Guanghua Law School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310008, China
    Research Center for Socialism with Chinese Characteristics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China)

  • Nicholas Lassi

    (Guanghua Law School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310008, China)

  • Xiaohan Zhang

    (School of Law, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310015, China)

  • Vinay Sharma

    (Academy of International Strategy and Law, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310008, China)

Abstract

The rise of the synthetic opioid epidemic has time and time again brought criticism on China and India, the world’s two main producers of fentanyl and its chemical precursors. In the past few years, the two countries have attempted to strengthen regulations over fentanyl production and distribution, though its effects on global drug governance remain under scrutiny. This study used qualitative and comparative methods to investigate the current regulatory landscape for fentanyl, including its efficiency and potential loopholes in China and India. It concludes that although both China and India are actively and significantly attempting to step away from the global fentanyl supply chain, these efforts remain ineffective due to institutional loopholes, namely inadequate legislation and fragmented regulatory structures. From insights gained on global drug governance, we recommend a binding international convention concentrated on controlling fentanyl and its related substances, with further bilateral and multilateral cooperation among states as necessary complementation.

Suggested Citation

  • Chao Wang & Nicholas Lassi & Xiaohan Zhang & Vinay Sharma, 2022. "The Evolving Regulatory Landscape for Fentanyl: China, India, and Global Drug Governance," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-11, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:4:p:2074-:d:748068
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Jia Wu & Yang Xia & Apei Song, 2023. "Milestones and Current Dilemmas: Evaluation of Sentencing Standardization for Illegal Possession of Drugs in China," Laws, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-23, June.
    2. Nicholas Lassi, 2024. "Fentanyl's potential impact on public health in India and China: A comparative review," Journal of International Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 36(5), pages 2300-2317, July.
    3. Holmes, Bryan & Feldmeyer, Ben & Sun, Diana & Arrigo, Shayna, 2024. "Criminal court responses to the modern opioid and methamphetamine twindemic," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    4. Chao Wang & Nicholas Lassi, 2024. "From poppy to pill: A comprehensive strategy to combat illicit synthetic drug production in Southeast Asia," Journal of International Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 36(1), pages 710-727, January.

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