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Concordance between the Clinical Diagnosis of Influenza in Primary Care and Epidemiological Surveillance Systems (PREVIGrip Study)

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  • Carina Aguilar Martín

    (Primary Care Intervention Evaluation Research Group (GAVINA Research Group), IDIAPJGol Terres de l’Ebre, 43500 Catalonia, Spain
    Terres de l’Ebre Research Support Unit, Foundation University Institute for Primary Health Care Research Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 43500 Catalonia, Spain
    Unitat d’Avaluació, Direcció d’Atenció Primària Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut, 43500 Catalonia, Spain
    Co-first author: These authors, C. Aguilar Martín and M. R. Dalmau Llorca, contributed equally to this work.)

  • Mª Rosa Dalmau Llorca

    (Primary Care Intervention Evaluation Research Group (GAVINA Research Group), IDIAPJGol Terres de l’Ebre, 43500 Catalonia, Spain
    Equip d’Atenció Primària Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut, 43500 Catalonia, Spain
    Campus Terres de l’Ebre, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43500 Catalonia, Spain
    Co-first author: These authors, C. Aguilar Martín and M. R. Dalmau Llorca, contributed equally to this work.)

  • Elisabet Castro Blanco

    (Primary Care Intervention Evaluation Research Group (GAVINA Research Group), IDIAPJGol Terres de l’Ebre, 43500 Catalonia, Spain
    Campus Terres de l’Ebre, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43500 Catalonia, Spain)

  • Noèlia Carrasco-Querol

    (Primary Care Intervention Evaluation Research Group (GAVINA Research Group), IDIAPJGol Terres de l’Ebre, 43500 Catalonia, Spain
    Terres de l’Ebre Research Support Unit, Foundation University Institute for Primary Health Care Research Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 43500 Catalonia, Spain
    Unitat de Recerca, Gerència Territorial Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut, 43500 Catalonia, Spain)

  • Zojaina Hernández Rojas

    (Primary Care Intervention Evaluation Research Group (GAVINA Research Group), IDIAPJGol Terres de l’Ebre, 43500 Catalonia, Spain
    Equip d’Atenció Primària Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut, 43500 Catalonia, Spain
    Campus Terres de l’Ebre, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43500 Catalonia, Spain)

  • Emma Forcadell Drago

    (Primary Care Intervention Evaluation Research Group (GAVINA Research Group), IDIAPJGol Terres de l’Ebre, 43500 Catalonia, Spain
    Equip d’Atenció Primària Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut, 43500 Catalonia, Spain)

  • Dolores Rodríguez Cumplido

    (Primary Care Intervention Evaluation Research Group (GAVINA Research Group), IDIAPJGol Terres de l’Ebre, 43500 Catalonia, Spain
    Institut Català de la Salut, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, 08907 Catalonia, Spain)

  • Alessandra Queiroga Gonçalves

    (Primary Care Intervention Evaluation Research Group (GAVINA Research Group), IDIAPJGol Terres de l’Ebre, 43500 Catalonia, Spain
    Terres de l’Ebre Research Support Unit, Foundation University Institute for Primary Health Care Research Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 43500 Catalonia, Spain
    Unitat Docent de Medicina de Familia i Comunitària, Tortosa-Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut, 43500 Catalonia, Spain
    Co-senior authors: C. Aguilar Martín, M. R. Dalmau Llorca, A. Q. Gonçalves and J. Fernández Sáez.)

  • José Fernández-Sáez

    (Primary Care Intervention Evaluation Research Group (GAVINA Research Group), IDIAPJGol Terres de l’Ebre, 43500 Catalonia, Spain
    Terres de l’Ebre Research Support Unit, Foundation University Institute for Primary Health Care Research Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 43500 Catalonia, Spain
    Campus Terres de l’Ebre, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43500 Catalonia, Spain
    Unitat de Recerca, Gerència Territorial Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut, 43500 Catalonia, Spain)

Abstract

Introduction: Health authorities use different systems of influenza surveillance. Sentinel networks, which are recommended by the World Health Organization, provide information on weekly influenza incidence in a monitored population, based on laboratory-confirmed cases. In Catalonia there is a public website, DiagnostiCat, that publishes the number of weekly clinical diagnoses at the end of each week of disease registration, while the sentinel network publishes its reports later. The objective of this study was to determine whether there is concordance between the number of cases of clinical diagnoses and the number of confirmed cases of influenza, in order to evaluate the predictive potential of a clinical diagnosis-based system. Methods: Population-based ecological time series study in Catalonia. The period runs from the 2010–2011 to the 2018–2019 season. The concordance between the clinical diagnostic cases and the confirmed cases was evaluated. The degree of agreement and the concordance were analysed using Bland–Altman graphs and intraclass correlation coefficients. Results: There was greater concordance between the clinical diagnoses and the sum of the cases confirmed outside and within the sentinel network than between the diagnoses and the confirmed sentinel cases. The degree of agreement was higher when influenza rates were low. Conclusions: There is concordance between the clinical diagnosis and the confirmed cases of influenza. Registered clinical diagnostic cases could provide a good alternative to traditional surveillance, based on case confirmation. Cases of clinical diagnosis of influenza may have the potential to predict the onset of annual influenza epidemics.

Suggested Citation

  • Carina Aguilar Martín & Mª Rosa Dalmau Llorca & Elisabet Castro Blanco & Noèlia Carrasco-Querol & Zojaina Hernández Rojas & Emma Forcadell Drago & Dolores Rodríguez Cumplido & Alessandra Queiroga Gonç, 2022. "Concordance between the Clinical Diagnosis of Influenza in Primary Care and Epidemiological Surveillance Systems (PREVIGrip Study)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-12, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:3:p:1263-:d:731538
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hongjiang Gao & Karen K Wong & Yenlik Zheteyeva & Jianrong Shi & Amra Uzicanin & Jeanette J Rainey, 2015. "Comparing Observed with Predicted Weekly Influenza-Like Illness Rates during the Winter Holiday Break, United States, 2004-2013," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(12), pages 1-11, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. M. Rosa Dalmau Llorca & Elisabet Castro Blanco & Carina Aguilar Martín & Noèlia Carrasco-Querol & Zojaina Hernández Rojas & Alessandra Queiroga Gonçalves & José Fernández-Sáez, 2022. "Early Detection of the Start of the Influenza Epidemic Using Surveillance Systems in Catalonia (PREVIGrip Study)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-13, December.

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