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Carotid Artery Plaque Progression: Proposal of a New Predictive Score and Role of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness

Author

Listed:
  • Nicoletta Brunelli

    (Headache and Neurosonology Unit, Neurology, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy)

  • Claudia Altamura

    (Headache and Neurosonology Unit, Neurology, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy)

  • Carmelina Maria Costa

    (Headache and Neurosonology Unit, Neurology, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy)

  • Riccardo Altavilla

    (Neurology and Stroke Unit Department, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, 20142 Milan, Italy)

  • Paola Palazzo

    (Department of Neurology, Lausanne University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
    Neurology Unit, Riviera-Chablais Hospital, Route du Vieux-Séquoia 20, 1847 Rennaz, Switzerland)

  • Paola Maggio

    (Neurology Unit, ASST Bergamo Est, 24068 Bergamo, Italy)

  • Marilena Marcosano

    (Headache and Neurosonology Unit, Neurology, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy)

  • Fabrizio Vernieri

    (Headache and Neurosonology Unit, Neurology, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy)

Abstract

Background: We aimed to investigate if the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) at baseline and the HAD 2 S score, composed of the sum of single risk factors (hypertension, age ≥ 75 years, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking), were predictive of plaque progression. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis on real-life prospectively collected data from patients with any detectable carotid plaque at follow up. The plaque score, calculated at baseline (T0) and at a median follow up of 36.6 months (IQR 39.6–34.3) (T3), was defined as 0: no plaque or stenosis < 30%; 1: stenosis in the range 30–49%; 2: in the range 50–69%; 3: in the range 70–99% and 4: occlusion. Carotid IMT was measured at T0 and T3; HAD 2 S score was calculated at baseline. Results: We included 340 patients with a mean age of 69.9 (9.1) years and 25.3% subjects had plaque progression. Individuals with progression had a median HAD 2 S score of 3 (1) while those without progression had 2 (1). Patients with progression had a mean baseline IMT of 0.86 (0.17) while those without progression had 0.77 (0.18) ( p < 0.0001). A correlation between progression and baseline IMT was found ( p = 0.002). Conclusion: Baseline IMT could be considered a predictor of progression. Patients with progression had an HAD 2 S score higher than those without evolution.

Suggested Citation

  • Nicoletta Brunelli & Claudia Altamura & Carmelina Maria Costa & Riccardo Altavilla & Paola Palazzo & Paola Maggio & Marilena Marcosano & Fabrizio Vernieri, 2022. "Carotid Artery Plaque Progression: Proposal of a New Predictive Score and Role of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(2), pages 1-8, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:2:p:758-:d:721728
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Raluca Niculescu & Eliza Russu & Emil Marian Arbănași & Réka Kaller & Eliza Mihaela Arbănași & Răzvan Marian Melinte & Cătălin Mircea Coșarcă & Iuliu Gabriel Cocuz & Adrian Horațiu Sabău & Andreea Căt, 2022. "Carotid Plaque Features and Inflammatory Biomarkers as Predictors of Restenosis and Mortality Following Carotid Endarterectomy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-14, October.
    2. Nicoletta Brunelli & Claudia Altamura & Carlo A. Mallio & Gianguido Lo Vullo & Marilena Marcosano & Marcel Bach-Pages & Bruno Beomonte Zobel & Carlo Cosimo Quattrocchi & Fabrizio Vernieri, 2022. "Cerebral Hemodynamics, Right-to-Left Shunt and White Matter Hyperintensities in Patients with Migraine with Aura, Young Stroke Patients and Controls," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-10, July.

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