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Profile of Environmental Chemicals in the Korean Population—Results of the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) Cycle 3, 2015–2017

Author

Listed:
  • Sun Kyoung Jung

    (Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea
    Graduate School of Urban Public Health, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Korea)

  • Wookhee Choi

    (Monitoring and Analysis Division, Wonju Regional Environmental Office, Ministry of Environment, Wonju 26461, Korea)

  • Sung Yeon Kim

    (Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea)

  • Sooyeon Hong

    (Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea)

  • Hye Li Jeon

    (Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea)

  • Youngkyung Joo

    (Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea)

  • Chulwoo Lee

    (Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea)

  • Kyungho Choi

    (Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea)

  • Sungkyoon Kim

    (Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea)

  • Kee-Jae Lee

    (Department of Information Statistics and Data Science, College of Natural Science, Korea National Open University, Seoul 03087, Korea)

  • Jiyoung Yoo

    (Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea)

Abstract

The Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) program provides useful information on chemical exposure, serves as the basis for environmental health policies, and suggests appropriate measures to protect public health. Initiated on a three-year cycle in 2009, it reports the concentrations of major environmental chemicals among the representative Korean population. KoNEHS Cycle 3 introduced children and adolescents into the analysis, where the blood and urine samples of 6167 participants were measured for major metals, phthalates, phenolics, and other organic compounds. Lead, mercury, cadmium, metabolites of DEHP and DnBP, and 3-phenoxybenzoic acid levels of the Korean adult population tended to decrease compared to previous survey cycles but remained higher than those observed in the US or Canada. Both bisphenol A (BPA) and trans,trans -muconic acid concentrations have increased over time. Heavy metal concentrations (blood lead, and cadmium) in children and adolescents were approximately half that of adults, while some organic substances (e.g., phthalates and BPA) were high. BPA showed higher levels than in the US or Canada, whereas BPF and BPS showed lower detection rates in this cycle; however, as these are increasingly used as a substitute for BPA, further research is necessary. As environmental chemicals may affect childhood health and development, additional analyses should assess exposure sources and routes through continuous observations.

Suggested Citation

  • Sun Kyoung Jung & Wookhee Choi & Sung Yeon Kim & Sooyeon Hong & Hye Li Jeon & Youngkyung Joo & Chulwoo Lee & Kyungho Choi & Sungkyoon Kim & Kee-Jae Lee & Jiyoung Yoo, 2022. "Profile of Environmental Chemicals in the Korean Population—Results of the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) Cycle 3, 2015–2017," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(2), pages 1-18, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:2:p:626-:d:718771
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Marsha Morgan & Paul Jones & Jon Sobus & Dana Boyd Barr, 2016. "Predictors of Urinary 3-Phenoxybenzoic Acid Levels in 50 North Carolina Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-13, November.
    2. Seong-Ah Kim & YoungMin Kwon & Suejin Kim & Hyojee Joung, 2016. "Assessment of Dietary Mercury Intake and Blood Mercury Levels in the Korean Population: Results from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey 2012–2014," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-17, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jin-Wook Chung & Dilaram Acharya & Jitendra Kumar Singh & Joon Sakong, 2023. "Association of Blood Mercury Level with Liver Enzymes in Korean Adults: An Analysis of 2015–2017 Korean National Environmental Health Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-13, February.

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