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Factors Influencing the Executive Functions of Male and Female Cadets

Author

Listed:
  • Grzegorz Zurek

    (Department of Biostructure, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Dariusz Lenart

    (Department of Physical Education and Sport, General Tadeusz Kosciuszko Military University of Land Forces, 51-147 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Maciej Lachowicz

    (Department of Biostructure, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Krzysztof Zebrowski

    (Department of Physical Education and Sport, General Tadeusz Kosciuszko Military University of Land Forces, 51-147 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Dariusz Jamro

    (Department of Physical Education and Sport, General Tadeusz Kosciuszko Military University of Land Forces, 51-147 Wroclaw, Poland)

Abstract

Executive functions (EFs) are related to human abilities that allow individuals to achieve planned goals, contribute to creativity and the analysis of new ideas, and allow for adaptation to new situations in daily life. Thorough analyses of the factors affecting EFs can aid in the development of appropriate training programs for various social and professional groups, including the military. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors affecting the EFs of cadets (18 women and 108 men) studying at a military academy in Poland after the first and second terms of military training, and to investigate gender differences in the level of EFs, shooting performance (SP), and components of physical fitness (PF). The Neuropsychological Color Trails Test (CTT-2) was used to determine some of the EFs of the test subjects. Meanwhile, the level of SP was represented by the score achieved during marksmanship training implemented during military training. Assessment of the subjects’ PF was guided by the principles of the Health-Related Fitness assessment concept, i.e., health-related fitness. Differences between men and women in specific variables were calculated using the Mann–Whitney U test for independent samples, whilst the relationship between variables was analyzed using the best subset regression method. The results revealed that cadets’ EFs were influenced by their SP and their level of strength. However, there were no significant differences between male and female cadets in the levels of EFs or SP.

Suggested Citation

  • Grzegorz Zurek & Dariusz Lenart & Maciej Lachowicz & Krzysztof Zebrowski & Dariusz Jamro, 2022. "Factors Influencing the Executive Functions of Male and Female Cadets," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-16, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:24:p:17043-:d:1007908
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dariusz Jamro & Grzegorz Zurek & Malgorzata Dulnik & Maciej Lachowicz & Dariusz Lenart, 2022. "Executive Function Level in Cadets’ Shooting Performance," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-13, May.
    2. Daniel Mon-López & Carlos M. Tejero-González & Alfonso de la Rubia Riaza & Jorge Lorenzo Calvo, 2020. "Pistol and Rifle Performance: Gender and Relative Age Effect Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-10, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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