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Contrast Agents during Pregnancy: Pros and Cons When Really Needed

Author

Listed:
  • Federica Perelli

    (Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Gynecology and Obstetric Department, Santa Maria Annunziata Hospital, 50012 Florence, Italy)

  • Irene Turrini

    (Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Gynecology and Obstetric Department, Santo Stefano Hospital, 59100 Prato, Italy)

  • Maria Gabriella Giorgi

    (Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Gynecology and Obstetric Department, Santo Stefano Hospital, 59100 Prato, Italy)

  • Irene Renda

    (Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy)

  • Annalisa Vidiri

    (School of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, 00168 Rome, Italy)

  • Gianluca Straface

    (Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Policlinico Abano Terme, 35031 Abano Terme, Italy)

  • Elisa Scatena

    (Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Gynecology and Obstetric Department, Santo Stefano Hospital, 59100 Prato, Italy)

  • Marco D’Indinosante

    (Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Gynecology and Obstetric Department, Santo Stefano Hospital, 59100 Prato, Italy)

  • Laura Marchi

    (Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Gynecology and Obstetric Department, Santo Stefano Hospital, 59100 Prato, Italy)

  • Marco Giusti

    (Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Gynecology and Obstetric Department, Santa Maria Annunziata Hospital, 50012 Florence, Italy)

  • Antonio Oliva

    (Department of Health Surveillance and Bioethics, Section of Legal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy)

  • Simone Grassi

    (Department of Health Surveillance and Bioethics, Section of Legal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy)

  • Carmen De Luca

    (Teratology Information Service, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy)

  • Francesco Catania

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ospedale “Santa Maria Alla Gruccia”, 52025 Montevarchi, Italy)

  • Giuseppe Vizzielli

    (Department of Medicinal Area (DAME) Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, 33100 Udine, Italy)

  • Stefano Restaino

    (Department of Medicinal Area (DAME) Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, 33100 Udine, Italy)

  • Giuseppe Gullo

    (IVF Public Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti (AOOR) Villa Sofia Cervello, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy)

  • Georgios Eleftheriou

    (Poison Control Center and Teratology Information Service, Hospital Papa Giovanni XIII, 24127 Bergamo, Italy)

  • Alberto Mattei

    (Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Gynecology and Obstetric Department, Santa Maria Annunziata Hospital, 50012 Florence, Italy)

  • Fabrizio Signore

    (Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Santo Eugenio Hospital, 00144 Rome, Italy
    School of Medicine, Unicamillus University Rome, 00131 Rome, Italy)

  • Antonio Lanzone

    (School of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, 00168 Rome, Italy
    Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy)

  • Giovanni Scambia

    (School of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, 00168 Rome, Italy
    Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy)

  • Anna Franca Cavaliere

    (School of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, 00168 Rome, Italy
    Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics Fatebenefratelli Isola Tiberina, 00186 Rome, Italy)

Abstract

Many clinical conditions require radiological diagnostic exams based on the emission of different kinds of energy and the use of contrast agents, such as computerized tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance (MR), ultrasound (US), and X-ray imaging. Pregnant patients who should be submitted for diagnostic examinations with contrast agents represent a group of patients with whom it is necessary to consider both maternal and fetal effects. Radiological examinations use different types of contrast media, the most used and studied are represented by iodinate contrast agents, gadolinium, fluorodeoxyglucose, gastrographin, bariumsulfate, and nanobubbles used in contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). The present paper reports the available data about each contrast agent and its effect related to the mother and fetus. This review aims to clarify the clinical practices to follow in cases where a radiodiagnostic examination with a contrast medium is indicated to be performed on a pregnant patient.

Suggested Citation

  • Federica Perelli & Irene Turrini & Maria Gabriella Giorgi & Irene Renda & Annalisa Vidiri & Gianluca Straface & Elisa Scatena & Marco D’Indinosante & Laura Marchi & Marco Giusti & Antonio Oliva & Simo, 2022. "Contrast Agents during Pregnancy: Pros and Cons When Really Needed," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:24:p:16699-:d:1001445
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