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Workplace Determinants of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in U.S. Mariners during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Author

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  • Ahmad H. Yassin

    (Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Suite 100, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
    Preventive Medicine, Madigan Army Medical Center, Joint Base Lewis-McChord, WA 98431, USA)

  • June T. Spector

    (Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Suite 100, Seattle, WA 98105, USA)

  • Luke Mease

    (Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Suite 100, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
    Preventive Medicine, Madigan Army Medical Center, Joint Base Lewis-McChord, WA 98431, USA)

  • Alice Shumate

    (Western States Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Spokane, WA 99207, USA)

  • Ryan Hill

    (Western States Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Spokane, WA 99207, USA
    Office of the Director, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC 20201, USA)

  • Jennifer E. Lincoln

    (Division of Safety Research, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA)

  • Marissa G. Baker

    (Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Suite 100, Seattle, WA 98105, USA)

Abstract

United States (U.S.) mariners continued sailing throughout COVID-19. Many aspects of their work could make them prone to adverse mental health outcomes but research on workplace determinants of their mental health during COVID-19 is limited. Between January and July 2021 an online survey assessed the outcomes of increased depressive symptoms, increased anxiety symptoms, and increased perceived stress in addition to concerns, worries, and experiences when sailing during COVID-19, job satisfaction, and safety climate in n = 1384 U.S. mariners. Demographic measures were also collected. Logistic regression models (for depression and anxiety) and a linear regression model (for stress) were developed. We found that increased COVID-19 concerns and poor self-reported mental health were related to increased odds of likely depression and anxiety and higher stress. Mariners who experienced more adverse experiences aboard a vessel had increased stress and increased odds of depression. Poor sleep quality was also related to increased odds of depression, and poor vessel support/safety culture was related to higher stress. Differences in outcomes were seen by vessel type, age, and credential in regression analyses. Results from this study will help to prioritize interventions to minimize the mental health impacts of COVID-19, and influence evidence-based recommendations to improve the mental health of mariners going forward.

Suggested Citation

  • Ahmad H. Yassin & June T. Spector & Luke Mease & Alice Shumate & Ryan Hill & Jennifer E. Lincoln & Marissa G. Baker, 2022. "Workplace Determinants of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in U.S. Mariners during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-17, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:24:p:16628-:d:999792
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Michelle Thomas *, 2004. "‘Get yourself a proper job girlie!’: recruitment, retention and women seafarers* [1]," Maritime Policy & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(4), pages 309-318, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Michela Gabelloni & Lorenzo Faggioni & Roberta Fusco & Federica De Muzio & Ginevra Danti & Francesca Grassi & Roberta Grassi & Pierpaolo Palumbo & Federico Bruno & Alessandra Borgheresi & Alessandra B, 2023. "Exploring Radiologists’ Burnout in the COVID-19 Era: A Narrative Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-16, February.

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