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High Anti-CoV2S Antibody Levels at Hospitalization Are Associated with Improved Survival in Patients with COVID-19 Vaccine Breakthrough Infection

Author

Listed:
  • Matthias Wolfgang Heinzl

    (Department of Internal Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria
    ICMR—Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz (JKU Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Lisa Kolenchery

    (Department of Internal Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria
    ICMR—Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz (JKU Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Michael Resl

    (Department of Internal Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria
    ICMR—Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz (JKU Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria)

  • Carmen Klammer

    (Department of Internal Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria
    ICMR—Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz (JKU Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria)

  • Anne Black

    (Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria)

  • Florian Obendorf

    (Department of Internal Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria)

  • Lukas Schinagl

    (Department of Internal Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria
    ICMR—Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz (JKU Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria)

  • Roland Feldbauer

    (Department of Internal Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria)

  • Johannes Pohlhammer

    (Department of Internal Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria)

  • Thomas Wagner

    (Department of Internal Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria)

  • Thomas Berger

    (Department of Internal Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria)

  • Benjamin Dieplinger

    (Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria)

  • Martin Clodi

    (Department of Internal Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria
    ICMR—Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz (JKU Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria)

Abstract

Background: Although vaccination against COVID-19 is highly effective, breakthrough infections occur, often leading to severe courses and death. The extent of protection provided by individual antibody levels in breakthrough infections is still unknown and cut-off levels have yet to be determined. Methods: In 80 consecutive fully vaccinated patients hospitalized between August and December 2021 with COVID-19 breakthrough infection (Delta variant), anti-CoV2S antibody levels were analyzed for the endpoint of death. Results: Ten out of the 12 patients who died (83.3%) had antibody levels < 600 U/mL; 5 (41.7%) of these had antibody levels < 200 U/mL. Only 2 patients with a level of >600 U/mL died from vaccine breakthrough infection. Correction for the number of comorbidities and age revealed that anti-CoV2S antibody levels at the time of hospitalization were a significant predictor for reduced risk of death (OR = 0.402 for every 1000 U/mL, p = 0.018). Conclusions: In this retrospective data analysis, we show that almost all patients who died from COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infection had antibody levels < 600 U/mL, most of them below 200 U/mL. In logistic regression corrected for the number of comorbidities and age, anti-CoV2S antibody levels at the time of hospitalization proved to be a significantly protective predictor against death.

Suggested Citation

  • Matthias Wolfgang Heinzl & Lisa Kolenchery & Michael Resl & Carmen Klammer & Anne Black & Florian Obendorf & Lukas Schinagl & Roland Feldbauer & Johannes Pohlhammer & Thomas Wagner & Thomas Berger & B, 2022. "High Anti-CoV2S Antibody Levels at Hospitalization Are Associated with Improved Survival in Patients with COVID-19 Vaccine Breakthrough Infection," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-9, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:23:p:15581-:d:982402
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Vageesh Jain & Jin-Min Yuan, 2020. "Predictive symptoms and comorbidities for severe COVID-19 and intensive care unit admission: a systematic review and meta-analysis," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 65(5), pages 533-546, June.
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