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Burden of Malaria in Sao Tome and Principe, 1990–2019: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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  • Yuxin Wang

    (Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510440, China
    School of Public Health and Management, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 511495, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Mingqiang Li

    (Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510440, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Wenfeng Guo

    (Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510440, China)

  • Changsheng Deng

    (Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510440, China)

  • Guanyang Zou

    (School of Public Health and Management, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 511495, China)

  • Jianping Song

    (Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510440, China)

Abstract

Background : Malaria is a parasitic infection transmitted by mosquito vectors, commonly found in tropical regions, and characterized by high morbidity and mortality. It causes a heavy disease burden in Sao Tome and Principe (STP), an island country in West Africa which at one time had a high incidence of malaria. Objective : This study aims to analyze the trend of disease burden of malaria in STP. Methods : The crude and age-standardized incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rate data of malaria were extracted from GBD 2019. Joinpoint 4.9 software was used to calculate the annual percentage change (APC) and the average annual percentage change (AAPC), which were also used to indicate the change in disease burden by different stages. Results : In general, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) of malaria presented a decreasing trend between 1990 and 2019, with an average annual decrease of 5.6%, 6.2%, and 10.7%, respectively, in STP. Specifically, all indicators first presented an increasing trend from 1990 to about 2000, followed by a decreasing trend until 2019, although the incidence rebounded slightly after 2015. Overall, the ASIR, ASMR, and ASDR of malaria reduced by 77.08%, 87.84%, and 82.21%, respectively, in 2019 as compared to 1990. No significant differences in disease burden were found between males and females between 2005 and 2019. Children who were under 5 years old showed a relatively small decrease in the rate of DALYs as compared to other age groups, but remained the group with the highest disease burden of malaria in the country. Conclusions : The disease burden of malaria in STP showed a significant decrease between 1990 and 2019, but it will still be challenging to achieve the goal of eliminating malaria by 2025. The government and relevant authorities should aim to strengthen the prevention and surveillance of malaria and tailor population-specific interventions in order to reduce the disease burden of malaria in STP.

Suggested Citation

  • Yuxin Wang & Mingqiang Li & Wenfeng Guo & Changsheng Deng & Guanyang Zou & Jianping Song, 2022. "Burden of Malaria in Sao Tome and Principe, 1990–2019: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-15, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:22:p:14817-:d:969308
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Resign Gunda & Moses John Chimbari & Samson Mukaratirwa, 2016. "Assessment of Burden of Malaria in Gwanda District, Zimbabwe, Using the Disability Adjusted Life Years," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-12, February.
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