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Health Care Use and Barriers to Care for Chronic Inflammatory Diseases (CID) among First and Second Generation South Asian Immigrant Children and Parents in Ontario Canada

Author

Listed:
  • Andrea Rishworth

    (Department of Geography, Geomatics and Environment, Faculty Geography, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada)

  • Tiffany Cao

    (Department of Geography, Geomatics and Environment, Faculty Geography, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada)

  • Ashika Niraula

    (CERC in Migration and Integration, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada)

  • Kathi Wilson

    (Department of Geography, Geomatics and Environment, Faculty Geography, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada)

Abstract

Although immigrants are disproportionately impacted by growing chronic inflammatory disease (CIDs) rates, yet suffer barriers to access health care, little attention has been given to their primary healthcare or specialist healthcare access as it relates to complex, chronic diseases in Canada, a country with universal health care. This study aims to investigate CID health care use and barriers to care among first- and second-generation immigrant South Asian children and parents in the Greater Toronto Area, Ontario. Drawing on analysis of 24 in depth interviews with children and parents (14 children, 10 parents), the results reveal that although CIDs disproportionately affects South Asian immigrants, they encounter health system, geographic, interpersonal, and knowledge barriers to access requisite care. These barriers exist despite participants having a GP, and are compounded further by limited familial systems, culturally insensitive care, and structural inequities that in some instances make parents choose between health access or other basic needs. Although all participants recognized the importance of specialized care, only 11 participants regularly accessed specialized care, creating new schisms in CID management. The findings suggest that a multisectoral approach that address individual and structural level socio-structural drivers of health inequities are needed to create more equitable healthcare access.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrea Rishworth & Tiffany Cao & Ashika Niraula & Kathi Wilson, 2022. "Health Care Use and Barriers to Care for Chronic Inflammatory Diseases (CID) among First and Second Generation South Asian Immigrant Children and Parents in Ontario Canada," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-19, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:21:p:14608-:d:965652
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Siddiqi, Arjumand & Shahidi, Faraz Vahid & Ramraj, Chantel & Williams, David R., 2017. "Associations between race, discrimination and risk for chronic disease in a population-based sample from Canada," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 135-141.
    2. Francesc Ramos-Roure & Maria Feijoo-Cid & Josep Maria Manresa-Dominguez & Jordi Segura-Bernal & Rosa García-Sierra & Maria Isabel Fernández-Cano & Pere Toran-Monserrat, 2021. "Intercultural Communication between Long-Stay Immigrants and Catalan Primary Care Nurses: A Qualitative Approach to Rebalancing Power," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-18, March.
    3. Solina Richter & Helen Vallianatos & Jacqueline Green & Chioma Obuekwe, 2020. "Intersection of Migration and Access to Health Care: Experiences and Perceptions of Female Economic Migrants in Canada," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-11, May.
    4. Bukola Salami & Alleson Mason & Jordana Salma & Sophie Yohani & Maryam Amin & Philomena Okeke-Ihejirika & Tehseen Ladha, 2020. "Access to Healthcare for Immigrant Children in Canada," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-12, May.
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