IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v19y2022i21p14571-d964967.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Disparities in Prevalence and Barriers to Hypertension Control: A Systematic Review

Author

Listed:
  • Mohamed Hassan Elnaem

    (Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Malaysia
    Quality Use of Medicines Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Malaysia)

  • Manar Mosaad

    (Department of Internal Medicine, Ministry of Health, Alexandria Governorate 5517176, Egypt)

  • Doaa H Abdelaziz

    (Pharmacy Practice & Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 4740011, Egypt)

  • Noha O. Mansour

    (Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 7650030, Egypt)

  • Abubakar Usman

    (Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia)

  • Mahmoud E. Elrggal

    (College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia)

  • Ejaz Cheema

    (School of Pharmacy, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan)

Abstract

Controlling hypertension (HTN) remains a challenge, as it is affected by various factors in different settings. This study aimed to describe the disparities in the prevalence and barriers to hypertension control across countries of various income categories. Three scholarly databases—ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar—were systematically examined using predefined search terms to identify potentially relevant studies. Original research articles published in English between 2011 and 2022 that reported the prevalence and barriers to HTN control were included. A total of 33 studies were included in this systematic review. Twenty-three studies were conducted in low and middle-income countries (LMIC), and ten studies were from high-income countries (HIC). The prevalence of hypertension control in the LMIC and HIC studies ranged from (3.8% to 50.4%) to (36.3% to 69.6%), respectively. Concerning barriers to hypertension control, patient-related barriers were the most frequently reported ( n = 20), followed by medication adherence barriers ( n = 10), lifestyle-related barriers ( n = 8), barriers related to the affordability and accessibility of care ( n = 8), awareness-related barriers ( n = 7), and, finally, barriers related to prescribed pharmacotherapy ( n = 6). A combination of more than one category of barriers was frequently encountered, with 59 barriers reported overall across the 33 studies. This work reported disparities in hypertension control and barriers across studies conducted in LMIC and HIC. Recognizing the multifactorial nature of the barriers to hypertension control, particularly in LMIC, is crucial in designing and implementing customized interventions.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohamed Hassan Elnaem & Manar Mosaad & Doaa H Abdelaziz & Noha O. Mansour & Abubakar Usman & Mahmoud E. Elrggal & Ejaz Cheema, 2022. "Disparities in Prevalence and Barriers to Hypertension Control: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-16, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:21:p:14571-:d:964967
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/21/14571/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/21/14571/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Fred Stephen Sarfo & Linda M Mobula & Gilbert Burnham & Daniel Ansong & Jacob Plange-Rhule & Osei Sarfo-Kantanka & David Ofori-Adjei, 2018. "Factors associated with uncontrolled blood pressure among Ghanaians: Evidence from a multicenter hospital-based study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(3), pages 1-19, March.
    2. Mohamed Hassan Elnaem & Nur Hasyimah Kamarudin & Nabeel Kashan Syed & Hasniza Zaman Huri & Inderpal Singh Dehele & Ejaz Cheema, 2021. "Associations between Socio-Demographic Factors and Hypertension Management during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Preliminary Findings from Malaysia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-14, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Haerawati Idris & Wahyu Pudji Nugraheni & Tety Rachmawati & Asep Kusnali & Anni Yulianti & Yuni Purwatiningsih & Syarifah Nuraini & Novia Susianti & Debri Rizki Faisal & Hidayat Arifin & Asri Maharani, 2024. "How Is Telehealth Currently Being Utilized to Help in Hypertension Management within Primary Healthcare Settings? A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(1), pages 1-18, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.

      Corrections

      All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:21:p:14571-:d:964967. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

      If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

      If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

      If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

      For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

      Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

      IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.