IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v19y2022i20p13220-d941895.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Global Self-Esteem, Physical Activity, and Body Composition Changes Following a 12-Week Dietary and Physical Activity Intervention in Older Women

Author

Listed:
  • Mateusz Grajek

    (Department of Public Health, Department of Public Health Policy, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland)

  • Agnieszka Gdańska

    (Department of Public Health, Department of Public Health Policy, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland)

  • Karolina Krupa-Kotara

    (Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland)

  • Joanna Głogowska-Ligus

    (Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland)

  • Joanna Kobza

    (Department of Public Health, Department of Public Health Policy, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland)

Abstract

Older adults show lower physical activity. These changes altogether promote the development of overweight, obesity, and other chronic diseases. These factors substantially influence the quality of life and self-esteem of older adults. This phenomenon is especially visible after the lockdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives: Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of a 12-week reductive diet and a 12-week physical activity plan for older adults on the global self-esteem of lifestyle in 60–70-year-old women. Materials and methods: Our participants were 600 women with increased body mass (BMI > 25 kg/m 2 ) aged 60–70 years. After the initial evaluation, the participants were randomly divided into three groups: CG—control group ( n = 200); DI—dietary group ( n = 200) that committed to a 12-week reductive diet; PA—physical activity group ( n = 200) that committed to a 12-week physical activity plan. The global self-esteem score (using the SES Rosenberg scale) and the anthropometric measurements were collected before and after the 12-week study. In the statistical analysis of data, the significance level was assumed to be 0.05. Results: The global self-esteem score for all groups before the study started was 30–31 points, which corresponded to average self-esteem. After a 12-week dietary or physical activity intervention, the score in the DI group was 33, which corresponded with high self-esteem. In the CG group, the self-esteem score remained unchanged (30 points). The average body mass loss was 0.5 kg/m 2 for CG, 1.92 kg/m 2 for DI, and 1.10 kg/m 2 for the PA group. The average waist–hip ratio (WHR) change for CG, DI, and PA was 1 cm, 1 cm, and 2 cm, respectively. A decrease in body mass and body composition indicators (BMI and WHR) corresponded to participants’ global self-esteem increase ( p < 0.05); the greater the decrease noted for BMI and WHR, the greater the global self-esteem score that was achieved. In the CG group, a negative correlation between global self-esteem and BMI value ( p < 0.05) was observed. Conclusions: A 12-week reductive diet and a 12-week regular physical activity plan lowered participants’ body mass. Adipose tissue content was reflected by decreased BMI and WHR indicators of participants from the DI and PA groups and was accompanied by higher global self-esteem scores.

Suggested Citation

  • Mateusz Grajek & Agnieszka Gdańska & Karolina Krupa-Kotara & Joanna Głogowska-Ligus & Joanna Kobza, 2022. "Global Self-Esteem, Physical Activity, and Body Composition Changes Following a 12-Week Dietary and Physical Activity Intervention in Older Women," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-9, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:20:p:13220-:d:941895
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/20/13220/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/20/13220/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Edward McAuley & Steriani Elavsky & Robert W. Motl & James F. Konopack & Liang Hu & David X. Marquez, 2005. "Physical Activity, Self-Efficacy, and Self-Esteem: Longitudinal Relationships in Older Adults," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 60(5), pages 268-275.
    2. Lucía Morales-Sánchez & Violeta Luque-Ribelles & Paloma Gil-Olarte & Paula Ruiz-González & Rocío Guil, 2021. "Enhancing Self-Esteem and Body Image of Breast Cancer Women through Interventions: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-20, February.
    3. Dorota Ryszewska-Łabędzka & Sławomir Tobis & Sylwia Kropińska & Katarzyna Wieczorowska-Tobis & Dorota Talarska, 2022. "The Association of Self-Esteem with the Level of Independent Functioning and the Primary Demographic Factors in Persons over 60 Years of Age," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-12, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Karolina Krupa-Kotara & Mateusz Grajek & Mateusz Rozmiarek & Ewa Malchrowicz-Mośko & Wiktoria Staśkiewicz & Patxi León-Guereño & Aitor Martínez Aguirre-Betolaza & Arkaitz Castañeda-Babarro, 2023. "The Role of Social Media in Internalizing Body Knowledge—A Cross-Sectional Study among Women with Different Food Preferences," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-10, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sergio Álvarez-Pardo & José Antonio De Paz & Ena Montserrat Romero-Pérez & Kora Mónica Portilla-Cueto & Mario A. Horta-Gim & Jerónimo J. González-Bernal & Jessica Fernández-Solana & Juan Mielgo-Ayuso , 2023. "Factors Associated with Body Image and Self-Esteem in Mastectomized Breast Cancer Survivors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-12, March.
    2. Huilin Wang & Ziqing Xu & Jingyu Yang & Dan Huang, 2023. "Promoting Physical Activity among Working Women: The Influence of Perceived Policy Effectiveness and Health Awareness," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-13, January.
    3. Maria Isabel Cardona & Marina Weißenborn & Isabel Zöllinger & Eric Sven Kroeber & Alexander Bauer & Melanie Luppa & Alexander Pabst & David Czock & Hans-Helmut König & Birgitt Wiese & Jochen Gensichen, 2022. "Physical Activity Determinants in Older German Adults at Increased Dementia Risk with Multimorbidity: Baseline Results of the AgeWell.de Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-13, March.
    4. Mike Rogerson & Ian Colbeck & Rachel Bragg & Adekunle Dosumu & Murray Griffin, 2020. "Affective Outcomes of Group versus Lone Green Exercise Participation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-8, January.
    5. Magdalena Dąbrowska-Galas & Jolanta Dąbrowska, 2021. "Physical Activity Level and Self-Esteem in Middle-Aged Women," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-8, July.
    6. Lisa Thaller & Anika Frühauf & Alexander Heimbeck & Ulrich Voderholzer & Martin Kopp, 2022. "A Comparison of Acute Effects of Climbing Therapy with Nordic Walking for Inpatient Adults with Mental Health Disorder: A Clinical Pilot Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-15, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:20:p:13220-:d:941895. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.