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Pattern of Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Antimicrobial Treatment of Neonates Admitted with Suspected Sepsis in a Teaching Hospital in Ghana, 2021

Author

Listed:
  • Kwaku Anim Omenako

    (Eastern Regional Hospital, Ghana Health Service, Koforidua P.O. Box KF 201, Ghana
    Department of Pharmacy Practice, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi 00233, Ghana)

  • Anthony Enimil

    (Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), Kumasi P.O. Box KS 1934, Ghana
    School of Medicine and Dentistry (SMD), Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi 00233, Ghana)

  • Afia Frimpomaa Asare Marfo

    (Department of Pharmacy Practice, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi 00233, Ghana)

  • Collins Timire

    (Centre for Operational Research, International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 68 Boulevard Saint Michel, 75006 Paris, France)

  • Palanivel Chinnakali

    (Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry 605006, India)

  • Ama Pokuaa Fenny

    (Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic Research (ISSER), University of Ghana, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 25, Ghana)

  • Kathiresan Jeyashree

    (Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai 600077, India)

  • Kwame Ohene Buabeng

    (Department of Pharmacy Practice, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi 00233, Ghana)

Abstract

Neonatal sepsis is a life-threatening emergency, and empirical antimicrobial prescription is common. In this cross-sectional study of neonates admitted with suspected sepsis in a teaching hospital in Ghana from January–December 2021, we described antimicrobial prescription patterns, compliance with national standard treatment guidelines (STG), blood culture testing, antimicrobial resistance patterns and treatment outcomes. Of the 549 neonates admitted with suspected sepsis, 283 (52%) were males. Overall, 529 (96%) received empirical antimicrobials. Most neonates ( n = 407, 76.9%) were treated empirically with cefuroxime + gentamicin, while cefotaxime was started as a modified treatment in the majority of neonates (46/68, 67.6%). Only one prescription complied with national STGs. Samples of 257 (47%) neonates underwent blood culture testing, of which 70 (27%) were positive. Isolates were predominantly Gram-positive bacteria, with coagulase-negative Staphylococcus and Staphylococcus aureus accounting for 79% of the isolates. Isolates showed high resistance to most penicillins, while resistance to aminoglycosides and quinolones was relatively low. The majority of neonates ( n = 497, 90.5%) were discharged after successfully completing treatment, while 50 (9%) neonates died during treatment. Strengthening of antimicrobial stewardship programmes, periodic review of STGs and increased uptake of culture and sensitivity testing are needed to improve management of sepsis.

Suggested Citation

  • Kwaku Anim Omenako & Anthony Enimil & Afia Frimpomaa Asare Marfo & Collins Timire & Palanivel Chinnakali & Ama Pokuaa Fenny & Kathiresan Jeyashree & Kwame Ohene Buabeng, 2022. "Pattern of Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Antimicrobial Treatment of Neonates Admitted with Suspected Sepsis in a Teaching Hospital in Ghana, 2021," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-14, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:19:p:12968-:d:937947
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