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Comparing the Metabolic Profiles Associated with Fitness Status between Insulin-Sensitive and Insulin-Resistant Non-Obese Individuals

Author

Listed:
  • Shamma AlMuraikhy

    (Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
    Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Drug Design, Groningen University, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands)

  • Najeha Anwardeen

    (Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar)

  • Aisha Naeem

    (Ministry of Public Health, Doha P.O. Box 42, Qatar
    Department of Oncology and Pathology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3800 Reservoir Rd., NW, Washington, DC 20007, USA)

  • Maha Sellami

    (Physical Education Department (PE), College of Education, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar)

  • Alexander Domling

    (Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Drug Design, Groningen University, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands)

  • Abdelali Agouni

    (College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar)

  • Mohamed A. Elrayess

    (Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
    College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar)

Abstract

(1) Background: Young non-obese insulin-resistant (IR) individuals could be at risk of developing metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus. The protective effect of physical activity in this apparently healthy group is expected but not well characterized. In this study, clinically relevant metabolic profiles were determined and compared among active and sedentary insulin-sensitive (IS) and IR young non-obese individuals. (2) Methods: Data obtained from Qatar Biobank for 2110 young (20–30 years old) non-obese (BMI ≤ 30) healthy participants were divided into four groups, insulin-sensitive active (ISA, 30.7%), insulin-sensitive sedentary (ISS, 21.4%), insulin-resistant active (IRA, 20%), and insulin-resistant sedentary (IRS, 23.3%), using the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and physical activity questionnaires. The effect of physical activity on 66 clinically relevant biochemical tests was compared among the four groups using linear models. (3) Results: Overall, non-obese IR participants had significantly ( p ≤ 0.001) worse vital signs, blood sugar profiles, inflammatory markers, liver function, lipid profiles, and vitamin D levels than their IS counterparts. Physical activity was positively associated with left handgrip ( p ≤ 0.01) and levels of creatine kinase ( p ≤ 0.001) and creatine kinase-2 ( p ≤ 0.001) in both IS and IR subjects. Furthermore, physical activity was positively associated with levels of creatinine ( p ≤ 0.01) and total vitamin D ( p = 0.006) in the IR group and AST ( p = 0.001), folate ( p = 0.001), and hematocrit ( p = 0.007) in the IS group. Conversely, physical inactivity was negatively associated with the white blood cell count ( p = 0.001) and an absolute number of lymphocytes ( p = 0.003) in the IR subjects and with triglycerides ( p = 0.005) and GGT-2 ( p ≤ 0.001) in the IS counterparts. (4) Conclusions: An independent effect of moderate physical activity was observed in non-obese apparently healthy individuals a with different HOMA-IR index. The effect was marked by an improved health profile including higher vitamin D and lower inflammatory markers in IRA compared to IRS, and a higher oxygen carrying capacity and lipid profile in ISA compared to the ISS counterparts.

Suggested Citation

  • Shamma AlMuraikhy & Najeha Anwardeen & Aisha Naeem & Maha Sellami & Alexander Domling & Abdelali Agouni & Mohamed A. Elrayess, 2022. "Comparing the Metabolic Profiles Associated with Fitness Status between Insulin-Sensitive and Insulin-Resistant Non-Obese Individuals," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-13, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:19:p:12169-:d:925226
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lina Majed & Suzan Sayegh & Bryna C. R. Chrismas, 2022. "Reference Walking Speeds for Healthy Young Adults in Qatar: Moderating Effect of Obesity and Physical Activity," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(1), pages 21582440221, March.
    2. Mohamed A. Elrayess & Nasser M. Rizk & Amina S. Fadel & Abdelhamid Kerkadi, 2020. "Prevalence and Predictors of Insulin Resistance in Non-Obese Healthy Young Females in Qatar," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-11, July.
    3. Karima Chaabna & Ravinder Mamtani & Amit Abraham & Patrick Maisonneuve & Albert B. Lowenfels & Sohaila Cheema, 2022. "Physical Activity and Its Barriers and Facilitators among University Students in Qatar: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-15, June.
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