IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v19y2022i19p11957-d921520.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Anxiety, Depression, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Symptomatology According to Gender in Health-Care Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Peru Shortened Title: “Psychological Impact of the Pandemic on Women”

Author

Listed:
  • Alex Ricardo Martínez Pajuelo

    (School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Lima 15067, Peru)

  • José Eduardo Irrazabal Ramos

    (School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Lima 15067, Peru)

  • Maria Lazo-Porras

    (CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15066, Peru
    Division of Tropical and Humanitarian Medicine, University of Geneva and Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland)

Abstract

Objective: The current study will evaluate the association that the COVID-19 pandemic has had with health-care workers and identify the factors that influenced the female gender being more affected. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in two hospitals in Arequipa (a Peruvian city). The participants were health-care workers. We applied a questionnaire with sociodemographic information and three scales: the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the Primary Care Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Screen for DSM-5. The main outcomes were anxiety, depression, and PTSD scores. The exposure of interest was gender. The scores of the scales were estimated by medians and percentiles 25–75 (p25–p75), and we used linear regression to estimate the crude and adjusted coefficients and their respective confidence intervals at 95% (CI 95%). Results: There were 109 participants, and 43.1% were women. The anxiety, depression, and PTSD median (p25–p75) scores in the study population were 6 (2–11), 6 (2–10), and 1 (0–3), respectively. The adjusted analysis showed that the female sex had 4.48 (CI 95% 2.95–6.00), 4.50 (CI 95% 2.39–6.62), and 1.13 (CI 95% 0.50–1.76) higher points on average for the scales of anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms in comparison to males, respectively. Conclusions: Female health-care workers showed increased scores of mental health issues in comparison to male health-care workers.

Suggested Citation

  • Alex Ricardo Martínez Pajuelo & José Eduardo Irrazabal Ramos & Maria Lazo-Porras, 2022. "Anxiety, Depression, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Symptomatology According to Gender in Health-Care Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Peru Shortened Title: “Psychological Impact of ," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-13, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:19:p:11957-:d:921520
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/19/11957/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/19/11957/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gabriella Tyson & Jennifer Wild, 2021. "Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms among Journalists Repeatedly Covering COVID-19 News," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-8, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Roel Van Overmeire, 2021. "Comment on Tyson, G.; Wild, J. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms among Journalists Repeatedly Covering COVID-19 News. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18 , 8536," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-4, October.
    2. Gabriella Tyson & Jennifer Wild, 2021. "Reply to Van Overmeire, R. Comment on “Tyson, G.; Wild, J. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms among Journalists Repeatedly Covering COVID-19 News. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18 , 8," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-4, October.
    3. Mollie A. Monnig & Samantha E. Clark & Jaqueline C. Avila & Alexander W. Sokolovsky & Hayley Treloar Padovano & Kimberly Goodyear & Elizabeth R. Aston & Carolina L. Haass-Koffler & Jennifer W. Tidey &, 2023. "COVID-19-Related Stressors and Clinical Mental Health Symptoms in a Northeast US Sample," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-14, January.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:19:p:11957-:d:921520. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.