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Hamstring Muscle Injuries and Hamstring Specific Training in Elite Athletics (Track and Field) Athletes

Author

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  • Pascal Edouard

    (Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology (LIBM EA 7424), University of Lyon, University Jean Monnet, 42023 Saint Etienne, France
    Department of Clinical and Exercise Physiology, Sports Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France
    European Athletics Medical & Anti-Doping Commission, European Athletics Association (EAA), 1007 Lausanne, Switzerland)

  • Noel Pollock

    (Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, University College London, London W1T 7HA, UK
    National Performance Institute, British Athletics, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK)

  • Kenny Guex

    (School of Health Sciences (HESAV), HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
    Department of Sprints, Hurdles and Relays, Swiss Athletics, Haus des Sports, 3063 Ittigen, Switzerland)

  • Shane Kelly

    (National Performance Institute, British Athletics, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
    Ballet Healthcare, The Royal Ballet, London WC2E 9DA, UK)

  • Caroline Prince

    (Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, EA 7424, 73000 Chambéry, France
    Physiotherapy Department and Motion Analysis Lab, Swiss Olympic Medical Center, La Tour Hospital, 1217 Meyrin, Switzerland
    Société Française des Masseurs Kinésithérapeute du Sport, SFMKS-Lab, 93380 Pierrefitte-sur-Seine, France)

  • Laurent Navarro

    (Mines Saint-Etienne, U1059 Sainbiose, INSERM, Centre CIS, University Lyon, University Jean Monnet, 42023 Saint-Etienne, France)

  • Pedro Branco

    (European Athletics Medical & Anti-Doping Commission, European Athletics Association (EAA), 1007 Lausanne, Switzerland)

  • Frédéric Depiesse

    (CH Chalons en Champagne et Institut Mutualiste de Montsouris, 75014 Paris, France)

  • Vincent Gremeaux

    (Swiss Olympic Medical Center, Centre de Médecine du Sport, Division de Médecine Physique et Réadaptation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
    Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland)

  • Karsten Hollander

    (Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, 20457 Hamburg, Germany)

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to describe hamstring muscle injury (HMI) history and hamstring specific training (HST) in elite athletes. A secondary aim was to analyse the potential factors associated with in-championships HMI. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study to collect data before and during the 2018 European Athletics Championships. Injury and illness complaints during the month before the championship, HMI history during the entire career and the 2017–18 season, HST (strengthening, stretching, core stability, sprinting), and in-championship HMI were recorded. We calculated proportions of athletes with HMI history, we compared HST according to sex and disciplines with Chi2 tests or ANOVA, and analysed factors associated with in-championship HMI using simple model logistic regression. Results: Among the 357 included athletes, 48% reported at least one HMI during their career and 24% during the 2017–18 season. Of this latter group, 30.6% reported reduced or no participation in athletics’ training or competition at the start of the championship due to the hamstring injury. For HST, higher volumes of hamstring stretching and sprinting were reported for disciplines requiring higher running velocities (i.e., sprints, hurdles, jumps, combined events and middle distances). Five in-championship HMIs were recorded. The simple model analysis showed a lower risk of sustaining an in-championships HMI for athletes who performed more core (lumbo-pelvic) stability training (OR = 0.49 (95% CI: 0.25 to 0.89), p = 0.021). Conclusions: Our present study reports that HMI is a characteristic of the athletics athletes’ career, especially in disciplines involving sprinting. In these disciplines, athletes were performing higher volumes of hamstring stretching and sprinting than in other disciplines. Further studies should be conducted to better understand if and how HST are protective approaches for HMI in order to improve HMI risk reduction strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • Pascal Edouard & Noel Pollock & Kenny Guex & Shane Kelly & Caroline Prince & Laurent Navarro & Pedro Branco & Frédéric Depiesse & Vincent Gremeaux & Karsten Hollander, 2022. "Hamstring Muscle Injuries and Hamstring Specific Training in Elite Athletics (Track and Field) Athletes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-14, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:17:p:10992-:d:905304
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pascal Edouard & Johan Lahti & Ryu Nagahara & Pierre Samozino & Laurent Navarro & Kenny Guex & Jérémy Rossi & Matt Brughelli & Jurdan Mendiguchia & Jean-Benoît Morin, 2021. "Low Horizontal Force Production Capacity during Sprinting as a Potential Risk Factor of Hamstring Injury in Football," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-13, July.
    2. Nicholas Joel Ripley & Matthew Cuthbert & Steven Ross & Paul Comfort & John James McMahon, 2021. "The Effect of Exercise Compliance on Risk Reduction for Hamstring Strain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-16, October.
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