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Spatiotemporal Evolution and Factors Influencing Ecological Civilization Development in Chinese Watersheds

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  • Binsen Chen

    (Research Center for Economy of Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China)

  • Bin Zhao

    (Research Center for Economy of Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China)

  • Yi Li

    (Research Center for Economy of Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China)

  • Qiuyue Yu

    (Research Center for Economy of Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China)

  • Bingjian Zhao

    (School of Economics, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China)

  • Junyin Tan

    (School of Economics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China)

  • Chuanhao Wen

    (School of Economics, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China)

Abstract

The construction of ecological civilization plays an important role in realizing the harmonious coexistence between man and nature. The aims of this study were to explore the development of ecological civilization in China’s top 10 river basins from 2004 to 2018 and construct an evaluation index system of ecological civilization. Factor analysis was used for the evaluation, and intergroup gap and panel regression analyses were utilized to determine the evolution of the spatiotemporal patterns and factors affecting the development level of ecological civilization in Chinese river basins. The results show that areas with a high level of ecological civilization development gradually spread to peripheral basins such as the Liaohe, Yellow, and Songhua River basins. The level of ecological civilization in China’s watersheds is undergoing continuous development. The degree of opening up, forest cover, and education have markedly positive effects on the development of ecological civilization in the basins, whereas urban development and financial autonomy have significant negative effects. The results of this study provide new ideas for evaluating the level of ecological civilization construction, as well as a reference for the government to formulate policies related to the construction of ecological civilization in river basins.

Suggested Citation

  • Binsen Chen & Bin Zhao & Yi Li & Qiuyue Yu & Bingjian Zhao & Junyin Tan & Chuanhao Wen, 2022. "Spatiotemporal Evolution and Factors Influencing Ecological Civilization Development in Chinese Watersheds," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-20, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:17:p:10728-:d:900335
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Jinghu Pan & Yimin Wang & Zhao Zhang, 2023. "Identification and Optimization of Ecological Network in Arid Inland River Basin Using MSPA and Spatial Syntax: A Case Study of Shule River Basin, NW China," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-25, January.
    2. Tiantian Ma & Qingbai Hu & Changle Wang & Jungang Lv & Changhong Mi & Rongguang Shi & Xiaoli Wang & Yanying Yang & Wenhao Wu, 2022. "Exploring the Relationship between Ecosystem Services under Different Socio-Economic Driving Degrees," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-17, December.

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