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Total Mercury and Fatty Acids in Selected Fish Species on the Polish Market: A Risk to Human Health

Author

Listed:
  • Joanna Łuczyńska

    (Department of Commodity and Food Analysis, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Ul. Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Marek Jan Łuczyński

    (Department of Ichthyology, Hydrobiology and Ecology of Waters, The Stanisław Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute in Olsztyn, Ul. M. Oczapowskiego 10, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Joanna Nowosad

    (Department of Veterinary Prevention and Feed Hygiene, Warmia and Mazury University, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
    ChemProf, 11-041 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Monika Kowalska-Góralska

    (Department of Limnology and Fishery, Institute of Animal Breeding, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland)

  • Magdalena Senze

    (Department of Limnology and Fishery, Institute of Animal Breeding, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland)

Abstract

The muscles of lake trout ( Salvelinus namaycush Walbaum, 1792), crucian carp ( Carassius carassius Linnaeus, 1758), flounder ( Platichthys flesus Linnaeus, 1758), gilthead seabream ( Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758), mackerel ( Scomber scombrus Linnaeus, 1758) and tench ( Tinca tinca Linnaeus, 1758) were examined. The total mercury (THg) was processed using the Milestone DMA-80 and the fatty acids were analyzed using the 7890A Agilent Technologies chromatograph. The THg content in analyzed fish ranged from 0.024 (lake trout) to 0.092 mg/kg wet weight (gilthead seabream). The muscles of fish examined had lower amounts of SFAs, and n-3 and n-6 PUFAs than MUFAs. The ratio of n-3/n-6 was higher in muscles of mackerel than other fish ( p < 0.05). Due to the fact that both the THQ and HI are below 1, the tested fish are safe for the consumer from a nutritional point of view. Similarly, fatty acid indices indicate the safe consumption of selected fish species, and the daily consumption of the recommended dose of EPA + DHA (250 mg/day) and the concentration of mercury in fish calculations showed a hazard quotient for the benefit–risk ratio HQ EFA below 1, suggesting that the intake of EPA + DHA poses no evident risk to human health. The ratio was calculated for a person weighing 60 kg. Therefore, it is important to monitor the fish, not only bought in the store, but also caught in various aquatic environments.

Suggested Citation

  • Joanna Łuczyńska & Marek Jan Łuczyński & Joanna Nowosad & Monika Kowalska-Góralska & Magdalena Senze, 2022. "Total Mercury and Fatty Acids in Selected Fish Species on the Polish Market: A Risk to Human Health," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-16, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:16:p:10092-:d:888844
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Giovanna Loredana La Torre & Nicola Cicero & Giovanni Bartolomeo & Rossana Rando & Rossella Vadalà & Antonello Santini & Alessandra Durazzo & Massimo Lucarini & Giacomo Dugo & Andrea Salvo, 2020. "Assessment and Monitoring of Fish Quality from a Coastal Ecosystem under High Anthropic Pressure: A Case Study in Southern Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-22, May.
    2. Raffaella Branciari & Raffaella Franceschini & Rossana Roila & Andrea Valiani & Ivan Pecorelli & Arianna Piersanti & Naceur Haouet & Marisa Framboas & David Ranucci, 2020. "Nutritional Value and Contaminant Risk Assessment of Some Commercially Important Fishes and Crawfish of Lake Trasimeno, Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-14, April.
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