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Replacing Sedentary Time with Physically Active Behaviour Predicts Improved Body Composition and Metabolic Health Outcomes

Author

Listed:
  • Wendy J. O’Brien

    (School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand)

  • Erica L. Rauff

    (Kinesiology Department, Seattle University, Seattle, WA 98122, USA)

  • Sarah P. Shultz

    (School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand
    Kinesiology Department, Seattle University, Seattle, WA 98122, USA)

  • McLean Sloughter

    (Math Department, Seattle University, Seattle, WA 98122, USA)

  • Philip W. Fink

    (School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand
    Department of Sciences and Techniques of Physical and Sports Activities (STAPS), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, 75013 Paris, France
    Insitut Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, 75013 Paris, France)

  • Bernhard Breier

    (School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand)

  • Rozanne Kruger

    (School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand)

Abstract

Background: Discretionary leisure time for health-promoting physical activity (PA) is limited. This study aimed to predict body composition and metabolic health marker changes from PA reallocation using isotemporal substitution analysis. Methods: Healthy New Zealand women ( n = 175; 16–45 y) with high BMI (≥25 kg/m 2 ) and high body fat percentage (≥30%) were divided into three groups by ethnicity (Māori n = 37, Pacific n = 54, and New Zealand European n = 84). PA, fat mass, lean mass, and metabolic health were assessed. Isotemporal substitution paradigms reallocated 30 min/day of sedentary behaviour to varying PA intensities. Results: Reallocating sedentary behaviour with moderate intensity, PA predicted Māori women would have improved body fat% (14.83%), android fat% (10.74%), and insulin levels (55.27%) while the model predicted Pacific women would have improved waist-to-hip (6.40%) and android-to-gynoid (19.48%) ratios. Replacing sedentary time with moderate-vigorous PA predicted Māori women to have improved BMI (15.33%), waist circumference (9.98%), body fat% (16.16%), android fat% (12.54%), gynoid fat% (10.04%), insulin (55.58%), and leptin (43.86%) levels; for Pacific women, improvement of waist-to-hip-ratio (5.30%) was predicted. Conclusions: Sedentary behaviour must be substituted with PA of at least moderate intensity to reap benefits. Māori women received the greatest benefits when reallocating PA. PA recommendations to improve health should reflect the needs and current activity levels of specific populations.

Suggested Citation

  • Wendy J. O’Brien & Erica L. Rauff & Sarah P. Shultz & McLean Sloughter & Philip W. Fink & Bernhard Breier & Rozanne Kruger, 2022. "Replacing Sedentary Time with Physically Active Behaviour Predicts Improved Body Composition and Metabolic Health Outcomes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-12, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:14:p:8760-:d:865952
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Claire Beale & Erica L. Rauff & Wendy J. O’Brien & Sarah P. Shultz & Philip W. Fink & Rozanne Kruger, 2020. "Are all Sedentary Behaviors Equal? An Examination of Sedentary Behavior and Associations with Indicators of Disease Risk Factors in Women," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-13, April.
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