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Study on the Enhanced Remediation of Petroleum-Contaminated Soil by Biochar/g-C 3 N 4 Composites

Author

Listed:
  • Hongyang Lin

    (School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China)

  • Yang Yang

    (School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China)

  • Zhenxiao Shang

    (School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China)

  • Qiuhong Li

    (School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China)

  • Xiaoyin Niu

    (School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China)

  • Yanfei Ma

    (School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China)

  • Aiju Liu

    (School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China)

Abstract

This work developed an environmentally-friendly soil remediation method based on BC and g-C 3 N 4 , and demonstrated the technical feasibility of remediating petroleum-contaminated soil with biochar/graphite carbon nitride (BC/g-C 3 N 4 ). The synthesis of BC/g-C 3 N 4 composites was used for the removal of TPH in soil via adsorption and photocatalysis. BC, g-C 3 N 4 , and BC/g-C 3 N 4 have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analyzer (BET), FT-IR, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). BC/g-C 3 N 4 facilitates the degradation due to reducing recombination and better electron-hole pair separation. BC, g-C 3 N 4 , and BC/g-C 3 N 4 were tested for their adsorption and photocatalytic degradation capacities. Excellent and promising results are brought out by an apparent synergism between adsorption and photocatalysis. The optimum doping ratio of 1:3 between BC and g-C 3 N 4 was determined by single-factor experiments. The removal rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) by BC/g-C 3 N 4 reached 54.5% by adding BC/g-C 3 N 4 at a dosing rate of 0.08 g/g in a neutral soil with 10% moisture content, which was 2.12 and 1.95 times of BC and g-C 3 N 4 , respectively. The removal process of TPH by BC/g-C 3 N 4 conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. In addition, the removal rates of different petroleum components in soil were analyzed in terms of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the removal rates of nC 13 -nC 35 were above 90% with the contaminated soil treated by BC/g-C 3 N 4 . The radical scavenger experiments indicated that superoxide radical played the major role in the photocatalytic degradation of TPH. This work definitely demonstrates that the BC/g-C 3 N 4 composites have great potential for application in the remediation of organic pollutant contaminated soil.

Suggested Citation

  • Hongyang Lin & Yang Yang & Zhenxiao Shang & Qiuhong Li & Xiaoyin Niu & Yanfei Ma & Aiju Liu, 2022. "Study on the Enhanced Remediation of Petroleum-Contaminated Soil by Biochar/g-C 3 N 4 Composites," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-14, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:14:p:8290-:d:857489
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fayun Li & Meixia Lin, 2020. "Synthesis of Biochar-Supported K-doped g-C 3 N 4 Photocatalyst for Enhancing the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Degradation Activity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-15, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Xiao Zhang & Chen Chen & Ting Cheng & Mingyue Wen & Lei Wang & Fenxu Pan, 2022. "Making Pb Adsorption-Saturated Attapulgite with Excellent Photocatalysis Properties through a Vulcanization Reaction and Its Application for MB Wastewater Degradation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-16, August.
    2. Jeongjun Park & Gigwon Hong, 2022. "Simulation on the Permeability Evaluation of a Hybrid Liner for the Prevention of Contaminant Diffusion in Soils Contaminated with Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-17, October.
    3. Liping Li & Lanfang Han & Aiju Liu & Fayuan Wang, 2022. "Imperfect but Hopeful: New Advances in Soil Pollution and Remediation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-3, August.

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