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Psychometric Properties of the Spontaneity Assessment Inventory-Revised (SAI-R): The 3-Factor Hypothesis

Author

Listed:
  • Paulo Martins

    (Laboratory of Sport Psychology, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-688 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal)

  • António-José Gonzalez

    (Applied Psychology Research Center Capabilities & Inclusion, ISPA—University Institute of Psychological, Social and Life Sciences, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Margarida Pedroso de Lima

    (Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal)

  • António Rosado

    (Laboratory of Sport Psychology, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-688 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal)

Abstract

Spontaneity and its connections to mental health and wellbeing are a central issue in both theory and practice of psychodrama, and the specialized literature sometimes even associates the presence of pathology to a lack of spontaneity. This paper describes spontaneity in Moreno’s theory, its assessment, its association with other measures and concepts, and scientific advances in the field. Specifically, we present results obtained with the English and Portuguese-language versions concerning its assessment. The main purpose of this work was to study the spontaneity measure (SAI-R) in a 3 first-order factors version for a Portuguese sample of 439 subjects, divided into two independent samples. The mean age of participants was 25.6 years (SD = 10.2), and ages ranged between 18 and 64 years. Data was collected through an online platform of a Portuguese market research company. The results revealed that the 3-factor model has acceptable validity for items 1 (“Creative”) and 7 (“Euphoric”), confirming the composite reliability, the convergent validity, but not the discriminant validity. Through multi-group analysis, the model proved to be stable. Notwithstanding the need for complementary studies, including clinical samples, the SAI-R is a short and valid instrument in clinical and non-clinical contexts when evaluating spontaneity.

Suggested Citation

  • Paulo Martins & António-José Gonzalez & Margarida Pedroso de Lima & António Rosado, 2022. "Psychometric Properties of the Spontaneity Assessment Inventory-Revised (SAI-R): The 3-Factor Hypothesis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-12, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:13:p:7924-:d:850552
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. M. Angeles López-González & Pedro Morales-Landazábal & Gabriela Topa, 2021. "Psychodrama Group Therapy for Social Issues: A Systematic Review of Controlled Clinical Trials," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-22, April.
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