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Estimation of Children’s Soil and Dust Ingestion Rates and Health Risk at E-Waste Dismantling Area

Author

Listed:
  • Yan Yang

    (School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
    Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou 515041, China
    Synergy Innovation Institute of GDUT, Shantou 515041, China)

  • Mengdi Zhang

    (School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China)

  • Haojia Chen

    (School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
    Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou 515041, China
    Synergy Innovation Institute of GDUT, Shantou 515041, China)

  • Zenghua Qi

    (School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China)

  • Chengcheng Liu

    (Synergy Innovation Institute of GDUT, Shantou 515041, China)

  • Qiang Chen

    (State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, China)

  • Tao Long

    (State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, China)

Abstract

Due to environmental health concerns, exposure to heavy metals and related adverse effects in electronic waste (e-waste) dismantling areas have attracted considerable interest in the recent years. However, little information is available about the Soil/Dust Ingestion Rates (SIR) of heavy metals for children living in such sites. This study estimated the soil ingestion of 66 children from e-waste disassembly areas by collecting and analyzing selected tracer elements in matched samples of their consumed food, feces, and urine, as well as soil samples from their play areas. The concentrations of tracer elements (including Al, Ba, Ce, Mn, Sc, Ti, Y, and V) in these samples were analyzed. The SIR was estimated to be 148.3 mg/day (median) and 383.3 mg/day (95th percentile) based on the Best Tracer Method (BTM). These values are somewhat higher than those observed in America, Canada, and other parts of China. Health risk assessments showed that Cr presented the greatest carcinogenic risk, at more than 10 −6 in this typical polluted area, while As was second. These findings provide important insights into the exposure risks of heavy metals in e-waste dismantling sites and emphasize the health risk caused by Cr and As.

Suggested Citation

  • Yan Yang & Mengdi Zhang & Haojia Chen & Zenghua Qi & Chengcheng Liu & Qiang Chen & Tao Long, 2022. "Estimation of Children’s Soil and Dust Ingestion Rates and Health Risk at E-Waste Dismantling Area," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-13, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:12:p:7332-:d:839378
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Desire Tshala-Katumbay & Jean-Claude Mwanza & Diane S. Rohlman & Gladys Maestre & Reinaldo B. Oriá, 2015. "A global perspective on the influence of environmental exposures on the nervous system," Nature, Nature, vol. 527(7578), pages 187-192, November.
    2. Wenlong Huang & Xiaoling Shi & Kusheng Wu, 2021. "Human Body Burden of Heavy Metals and Health Consequences of Pb Exposure in Guiyu, an E-Waste Recycling Town in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-13, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yingjun Wu & Guiying Li & Taicheng An, 2022. "Toxic Metals in Particulate Matter and Health Risks in an E-Waste Dismantling Park and Its Surrounding Areas: Analysis of Three PM Size Groups," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-15, November.

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