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Outdoor Playground Design Criteria Development for Early Childhood Development: A Delphi Study from the Perspective of Fundamental Movement Skills and Perceptual-Motor Skills

Author

Listed:
  • Heejun Jeon

    (Graduate School of Education, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea)

  • Sunhye Jun

    (Department of Physical Education, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea)

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to discover adequate and environmental outdoor playground design criteria based on the collected opinions of experts. Taking the case of South Korea into account, this research focuses on the development of a new outdoor playground design criteria that could offset the limited motor activities and environmental use which has been restricted by the current regulations. In particular, this research approaches the issue from the perspective of children’s fundamental movement skills and the development of their perceptual-motor abilities. The research conducted three rounds of a Delphi survey and held a consensus of experts in child development, child physical education, and playground designs. The research achieved results defining 9 categories and 23 items within the categories of design criteria for outdoor playgrounds. Significantly, the discussions were not limited to children’s holistic development—from motor and physical development to attaining mental, social, and cognitive skills—but also included discussions of children’s dynamic interaction with the surrounding nature and environment, especially in challenge making and risk taking.

Suggested Citation

  • Heejun Jeon & Sunhye Jun, 2021. "Outdoor Playground Design Criteria Development for Early Childhood Development: A Delphi Study from the Perspective of Fundamental Movement Skills and Perceptual-Motor Skills," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-19, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:8:p:4159-:d:536219
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kyung Sun Lee & Hye Jeong Kim & Jieun Kang, 2019. "From Uniformity to Sustainable Diversity: Exploring the Design Attributes of Renovating Standardized Classrooms in Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(20), pages 1-17, October.
    2. Teresa Zwierko & Wojciech Jedziniak & Piotr Lesiakowski & Marta Śliwiak & Marta Kirkiewicz & Wojciech Lubiński, 2019. "Eye–Hand Coordination Impairment in Glaucoma Patients," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-11, November.
    3. Anne R. Lindsay & Angela Starrett & Ali Brian & Teresa A. Byington & Jennifer Lucas & Madeleine Sigman-Grant, 2020. "Preschoolers Build Fundamental Motor Skills Critical to an Active Lifestyle: The All 4 Kids © Intervention Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-15, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jacqueline Paez & Juan Hurtado & Tomas Reyes & Rosita Abusleme & Patricio Arroyo & Cristian Oñate, 2022. "Relationship between Parents’ Physical Activity Level and the Motor Development Level and BMI of Their Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-9, July.
    2. Danielle Craig & Nazia Afrin Trina & Muntazar Monsur & Umme Tasnima Haque & Garrett Farrow & Md Zahid Hasan & Fariha Tasnim & Moyin Sabainah Akinbobola, 2024. "Effective Nature-Based Outdoor Play and Learning Environments for below-3 Children: A Literature-Based Summary," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(9), pages 1-23, September.

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