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Community Composition and Spatial Distribution of N-Removing Microorganisms Optimized by Fe-Modified Biochar in a Constructed Wetland

Author

Listed:
  • Wen Jia

    (State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China)

  • Liuyan Yang

    (State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China)

Abstract

Microbial nitrogen (N) removal capability can be significantly enhanced in a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSCW) amended by Fe-modified biochar (FeB). To further explore the microbiological mechanism of FeB enhancing N removal, nirS - and nirK -denitrifier community diversities, as well as spatial distributions of denitrifiers and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria, were investigated in HSCWs (C-HSCW: without biochar and FeB; B-HSCW: amended by biochar; FeB-HSCW: amended by FeB) treating tailwater from a wastewater treatment plant, with C-HSCW without biochar and FeB and B-HSCW amended by biochar as control. The community structures of nirS - and nirK -denitrifiers in FeB-HSCW were significantly optimized for improved N removal compared with the two other HSCWs, although no significant differences in their richness and diversity were detected among the HSCWs. The spatial distributions of the relative abundance of genes involved in denitrification and anammox were more heterogeneous and complex in FeB-HSCW than those in other HSCWs. More and larger high-value patches were observed in FeB-HSCW. These revealed that FeB provides more appropriate habitats for N-removing microorganisms, which can prompt the bacteria to use the habitats more differentially, without competitive exclusion. Overall, the Fe-modified biochar enhancement of the microbial N-removal capability of HSCWs was a result of optimized microbial community structures, higher functional gene abundance, and improved spatial distribution of N-removing microorganisms.

Suggested Citation

  • Wen Jia & Liuyan Yang, 2021. "Community Composition and Spatial Distribution of N-Removing Microorganisms Optimized by Fe-Modified Biochar in a Constructed Wetland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-20, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:6:p:2938-:d:516239
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. John D. Coates & Romy Chakraborty & Joseph G. Lack & Susan M. O'Connor & Kimberly A. Cole & Kelly S. Bender & Laurie A. Achenbach, 2001. "Anaerobic benzene oxidation coupled to nitrate reduction in pure culture by two strains of Dechloromonas," Nature, Nature, vol. 411(6841), pages 1039-1043, June.
    2. Yu Wan & Xiaohong Ruan & Jie Wang & Xiaojun Shi, 2019. "Spatial and Seasonal Variations in the Abundance of Nitrogen-Transforming Genes and the Microbial Community Structure in Freshwater Lakes with Different Trophic Statuses," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-19, June.
    3. Lei Zhang & Yu Cheng & Guang Gao & Jiahu Jiang, 2019. "Spatial-Temporal Variation of Bacterial Communities in Sediments in Lake Chaohu, a Large, Shallow Eutrophic Lake in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-18, October.
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