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Effects of Exercise Interventions on Weight, Body Mass Index, Lean Body Mass and Accumulated Visceral Fat in Overweight and Obese Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

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  • Hyun Suk Lee

    (Graduate School of Education, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea)

  • Junga Lee

    (Sports Medicine and Science, Global Campus, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Korea)

Abstract

(1) Background: Exercise interventions for overweight and obese individuals help reduce accumulated visceral fat, which is an indicator of cardiometabolic risk, but the effectiveness of these interventions is controversial. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the effectiveness of exercise interventions in overweight and obese individuals in order to reduce weight, body mass index (BMI), and accumulated visceral fat, and increase lean body mass. (2) Methods: Databases were used to select eligible studies for this meta-analysis. Randomized controlled trials with control and experimental groups were included. The degrees of effectiveness of the exercise interventions were computed to assess the benefits on reducing weight, BMI, and accumulated visceral fat, and increasing lean body mass. (3) Results: Sixteen studies were included in this meta-analysis. Participation in exercise interventions reduced weight ( d = −0.58 (95% confidence interval (CI), −0.84–−0.31; p < 0.001; k = 9)), BMI ( d = −0.50 (95% CI, −0.78–−0.21; p < 0.001; k = 7)), and accumulated visceral fat (d = −1.08 (95% CI, −1.60–−0.57; p < 0.001; k = 5)), but did not significantly increase lean body mass ( d = 0.26 (95% CI, −0.11–0.63; p = 0.17; k = 6)). The average exercise intervention for overweight and obese individuals was of moderate to vigorous intensity, 4 times per week, 50 min per session, and 22 weeks duration. (4) Conclusions: Participating in exercise interventions has favorable effects on weight, BMI, and accumulated visceral fat. Further studies considering different modalities, intensities, durations, and measurements of fatness need to be conducted.

Suggested Citation

  • Hyun Suk Lee & Junga Lee, 2021. "Effects of Exercise Interventions on Weight, Body Mass Index, Lean Body Mass and Accumulated Visceral Fat in Overweight and Obese Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Contr," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-13, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:5:p:2635-:d:511510
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dirk Vissers & Wendy Hens & Jan Taeymans & Jean-Pierre Baeyens & Jacques Poortmans & Luc Van Gaal, 2013. "The Effect of Exercise on Visceral Adipose Tissue in Overweight Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(2), pages 1-10, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Josué Prieto-Prieto & Miguel Madruga & José Carmelo Adsuar & José Luis González-Guerrero & Narcís Gusi, 2022. "Effects of a Home-Based Exercise Program on Health-Related Quality of Life and Physical Fitness in Dementia Caregivers: A Randomized Controlled Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-15, July.
    2. Jorge Carlos-Vivas & Rafael Timón & José Carmelo Adsuar & Maria Grazia Pirina & Roberto Solinas & Shirin Amin & Didar Amin & Yoanna Dochevska & Ivaylo Zdravkov & Slavisa Bradic & Antonis Hatzigeorgiad, 2022. "Professional and Personal Experience through Lifelong Learning and Regular Sport (PROPELLERS)—A Study Protocol," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-13, October.

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