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Decreased Levels of Soluble CD44 in a High-Risk Population following a Smoking Cessation Program

Author

Listed:
  • Drew H. Smith

    (Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA)

  • Shahm Raslan

    (Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
    Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA)

  • Isildinha M. Reis

    (Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
    Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA)

  • Abdurrahman Al-Awady

    (Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA)

  • Isabella Buitron

    (Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
    New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA)

  • Melanie Perez

    (Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA)

  • Huaping Liu

    (Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA)

  • Jerri Halgowich

    (Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA)

  • Claudia Gordon

    (Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA)

  • Monica Webb Hooper

    (Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44016, USA)

  • Noël C. Barengo

    (Department of Translational Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
    Department of Health Policy and Management, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA)

  • Elizabeth J. Franzmann

    (Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
    Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA)

Abstract

Tobacco is a risk factor of head and neck cancer (HNC) and smoking cessation alone may reduce HNC risk by 70%. Soluble CD44 (solCD44), a cell surface receptor linked to cell proliferation and migration, and total protein (TP) levels can detect early HNC. This study aims to determine whether salivary solCD44 and TP levels in oral rinses change following a smoking cessation program. 150 smokers provided oral rinse samples at baseline and at a 12-month follow-up after participation in a smoking cessation program. Assays to measure levels of solCD44, TP, and cotinine, a metabolite used as a biomarker of tobacco exposure, were completed. A paired-samples t-test was used to determine whether there was a statistically significant ( p < 0.05) mean difference in biomarker levels before and after the program. Baseline and at 12-month follow-up data were available for 88 subjects, 21 of whom quit smoking entirely. Mean levels of solCD44 significantly decreased by 0.412 ng/mL from baseline to the 12-month follow-up, p = 0.010. There was no significant difference in mean TP levels, p = 0.975. Mean cotinine levels decreased significantly by 74.7 ng/mL, p = 0.035. This is the first work demonstrating an association between smoking cessation and decreased solCD44 levels in oral rinses. Decreased expression of the tumorigenic CD44 may be one mechanism by which smoking cessation lowers cancer risk.

Suggested Citation

  • Drew H. Smith & Shahm Raslan & Isildinha M. Reis & Abdurrahman Al-Awady & Isabella Buitron & Melanie Perez & Huaping Liu & Jerri Halgowich & Claudia Gordon & Monica Webb Hooper & Noël C. Barengo & Eli, 2021. "Decreased Levels of Soluble CD44 in a High-Risk Population following a Smoking Cessation Program," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:24:p:13174-:d:702095
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ren-Sheng Wang & Xue-Ying Hu & Wan-Jie Gu & Zhen Hu & Bo Wei, 2013. "Tooth Loss and Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: A Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(8), pages 1-9, August.
    2. Xian-Tao Zeng & Wei Luo & Wei Huang & Quan Wang & Yi Guo & Wei-Dong Leng, 2013. "Tooth Loss and Head and Neck Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(11), pages 1-8, November.
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    1. Xian-Tao Zeng & Wei Luo & Wei Huang & Quan Wang & Yi Guo & Wei-Dong Leng, 2013. "Tooth Loss and Head and Neck Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(11), pages 1-8, November.

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