Author
Listed:
- Ana Lopez-de-Andres
(Department of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain)
- Marta Lopez-Herranz
(Physiotherapy and Podology Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain)
- Valentin Hernandez-Barrera
(Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Madrid, Spain)
- Javier de-Miguel-Diez
(Respiratory Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain)
- Jose M. de-Miguel-Yanes
(Internal Medicine Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain)
- David Carabantes-Alarcon
(Department of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain)
- Romana Albaladejo-Vicente
(Department of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain)
- Rosa Villanueva-Orbaiz
(Department of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain)
- Rodrigo Jimenez-Garcia
(Department of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain)
Abstract
(1) Background: To analyze the incidence, clinical characteristics, use of procedures, and in-hospital outcomes in patients who developed pneumonia during their hospital admission according to sex and to the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). (2) Methods: Retrospective cohort study using data from the Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database. Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) was classed as non-ventilator HAP and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Separate analyses were performed for men and women with and without T2DM. Population subgroups were compared using propensity score matching. (3) Results: HAP was identified in 38,814 patients (24.07% with T2DM). The adjusted incidence of HAP was higher in patients with T2DM (both sexes) (IRR 1.28; 95% CI 1.25–1.31). The incidence of HAP was higher in men with T2DM than in women with T2DM (adjusted-IR 1.47; 95% CI 1.41–1.53). The incidence of HAP among T2DM patients increased over time. In-hospital mortality (IHM) was around 28% irrespective of T2DM status and sex. After adjusting for confounders and sex, VAP was associated to higher IHM among patients with T2DM (OR 2.09; 95% CI 1.7–2.57). (4) Conclusions: T2DM is associated with a higher risk of HAP, whose incidence increased over time. Men with T2DM have an almost 50% higher risk of HAP than women with T2DM. The probability of dying in the hospital was not associated with sex or T2DM.
Suggested Citation
Ana Lopez-de-Andres & Marta Lopez-Herranz & Valentin Hernandez-Barrera & Javier de-Miguel-Diez & Jose M. de-Miguel-Yanes & David Carabantes-Alarcon & Romana Albaladejo-Vicente & Rosa Villanueva-Orbaiz, 2021.
"Sex Differences in Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Retrospective Cohort Study using Hospital Discharge Data in Spain (2016–2019),"
IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-15, November.
Handle:
RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:23:p:12645-:d:692014
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