IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v18y2021i23p12481-d689117.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Basin-Scale Pollution Loads Analyzed Based on Coupled Empirical Models and Numerical Models

Author

Listed:
  • Man Zhang

    (School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China)

  • Xiaolong Chen

    (Beijing Tsinghua Holdings Human Settlements Environment Institute, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Shuihua Yang

    (Yanshan Experimental High School, Yanshan 663100, China
    Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China)

  • Zhen Song

    (Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China)

  • Yonggui Wang

    (Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China)

  • Qing Yu

    (Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China)

Abstract

Pollutant source apportionment is of great significance for water environmental protection. However, it is still challenging to accurately quantify pollutant loads at basin-scale. Refined analytical methods combined the pollution discharge coefficient method (PDCM), field observation, and numerical model (Soil & Water Assessment Tool, SWAT) to make quantitative source appointment in the Tuojiang River, a key tributary of the upper Yangtze River. The chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and ammonia nitrogen (N-NH4 + ) were analyzed. Results showed that the urban sewage treatment plant point source has the largest contribution to COD, TN, and N-NH4 + , while TP is mostly from the agricultural sources throughout the year. The total inflowing loads of pollution sources are significantly affected by rainfall. The overall pollution characteristics showed that pollutant loads present in different seasons are as follows: wet season > normal season > dry season. The month with the highest levels of pollutants is July in the wet season. Among the nine cities, the city that contributes the most COD, TN and N-NH4 + , is Neijiang, accounting for about 25%, and the city that contributes the most TP is Deyang, accounting for 23%. Among the sub-basins, the Fuxi River subbasin and Qiuxihe River subbasin contribute the most pollutant loads. The technical framework adopted in this paper can be used to accurately identify the types, administrative regions and sub-basins of the main pollution sources in the watershed, which is conducive to management and governance of the environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Man Zhang & Xiaolong Chen & Shuihua Yang & Zhen Song & Yonggui Wang & Qing Yu, 2021. "Basin-Scale Pollution Loads Analyzed Based on Coupled Empirical Models and Numerical Models," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-19, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:23:p:12481-:d:689117
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/23/12481/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/23/12481/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nuno-Gonçalo Matias & Penny Johnes, 2012. "Catchment Phosphorous Losses: An Export Coefficient Modelling Approach with Scenario Analysis for Water Management," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(5), pages 1041-1064, March.
    2. Sipan Li & Qunxi Gong & Shaolei Yang, 2019. "Analysis of the Agricultural Economy and Agricultural Pollution Using the Decoupling Index in Chengdu, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-11, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Kai Zhang & Shunjie Wang & Shuyu Liu & Kunlun Liu & Jiayu Yan & Xuejia Li, 2022. "Water Environment Quality Evaluation and Pollutant Source Analysis in Tuojiang River Basin, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-17, July.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Kai Zhang & Shunjie Wang & Shuyu Liu & Kunlun Liu & Jiayu Yan & Xuejia Li, 2022. "Water Environment Quality Evaluation and Pollutant Source Analysis in Tuojiang River Basin, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-17, July.
    2. Xiao Pu & Hongguang Cheng & Lu Lu & Shengtian Yang & Jing Xie & Fanghua Hao, 2015. "Spatial Profiling and Assessing Dominance of Sources to Water Phosphorus Burden in a Shallow Lake," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 29(3), pages 715-729, February.
    3. Reartes, S.B. Rodriguez & Estrada, V. & Bazán, R. & Larrosa, N. & Cossavella, A. & López, A. & Busso, F. & Diaz, M.S., 2016. "Evaluation of ecological effects of anthropogenic nutrient loading scenarios in Los Molinos reservoir through a mathematical model," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 320(C), pages 393-406.
    4. Xufeng Cui & Ting Cai & Wei Deng & Rui Zheng & Yuehua Jiang & Hongjie Bao, 2022. "Indicators for Evaluating High-Quality Agricultural Development: Empirical Study from Yangtze River Economic Belt, China," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 164(3), pages 1101-1127, December.
    5. O. Tzoraki & D. Cooper & G. Dörflinger & P. Panagos, 2014. "A new MONERIS in-Stream Retention Module to Account Nutrient Budget of a Temporary River in Cyprus," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(10), pages 2917-2935, August.
    6. Yue Wang & Lei Shi & Di Chen & Xue Tan, 2020. "Spatial-Temporal Analysis and Driving Factors Decomposition of (De)Coupling Condition of SO 2 Emissions in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-18, September.
    7. Ellis Wongsearaya, 2022. "An Agricultural ‘Systems-Based’ Framework For Indexing Potential Exposure To Farming Pesticides: Test Findings From Asia-Pacific, And Asean," Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture (MJSA), Zibeline International Publishing, vol. 6(2), pages 131-141, March.
    8. Bo Tan & N. J. Barrow & Longguo Li & Ping Zhou & Wenhua Zhuang, 2023. "Phosphorus Sorption by Purple Soils in Relation to Their Properties: Investigation, Characterization, and Explanation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-14, October.
    9. Yuliya Vystavna & Josef Hejzlar & Jiří Kopáček, 2017. "Long-term trends of phosphorus concentrations in an artificial lake: Socio-economic and climate drivers," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(10), pages 1-18, October.
    10. Siyu Zhang & Weiyan Hu & Jiaojiao Zhang & Mengran Li & Qingying Zhu, 2020. "Mismatches in Suppliers’ and Demanders’ Cognition, Willingness and Behavior with Respect to Ecological Protection of Cultivated Land: Evidence from Caidian District, Wuhan, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-15, February.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:23:p:12481-:d:689117. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.