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Air Quality in a Dental Clinic during Er:YAG Laser Usage for Cavity Preparation on Human Teeth—An Ex-Vivo Study

Author

Listed:
  • Angeliki Karveli

    (Private Practice, 12134 Athens, Greece)

  • Ioannis G. Tzoutzas

    (Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece)

  • Panagiotis Ioannis Raptis

    (Department of Physics, University of Athens, and National Observatory, 11527 Athens, Greece)

  • Emmanouil-George C. Tzanakakis

    (Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece)

  • Eleftherios Terry R. Farmakis

    (Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece)

  • Constantinos G. Helmis

    (Division of Applied Physics, Department of Physics, University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece)

Abstract

Chemical air pollution in dental clinics consists of the emission of gases and particulate matter (PM), both generated by dental equipment and tooth tissues. One basic application of Erbium Laser devices is cavity preparation on human teeth due to its strong affinity to water and hydroxyapatite. The objective of this study was the evaluation of indoor air quality during the application of an Er:YAG laser, as a dentin removal instrument, in a Dental Clinic. Particulate Matter (PM) was measured using the standard method of EN legislation. In order to measure total Volatile Organic compounds (VOCs), a portable monitor was used. In the first experiment, PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were increased by approximately 10 and 15 times, respectively. From the second experiment it can be concluded that neither of the measured particle concentrations exceeded the recommended indoor limit values while windows were open, although laser influence was still detectable. Within the limitations applied herein, it was found that Er:YAG laser activity for hard dental tissue removal was associated with high PM and TVOCs concentration values in the working environment, under insufficient or no ventilation. Physical ventilation in the aforementioned setting proved to be an important key factor in improving air quality, as both PM and TVOCs concentrations decreased significantly.

Suggested Citation

  • Angeliki Karveli & Ioannis G. Tzoutzas & Panagiotis Ioannis Raptis & Emmanouil-George C. Tzanakakis & Eleftherios Terry R. Farmakis & Constantinos G. Helmis, 2021. "Air Quality in a Dental Clinic during Er:YAG Laser Usage for Cavity Preparation on Human Teeth—An Ex-Vivo Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-13, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:20:p:10920-:d:658407
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Imena Rexhepi & Rocco Mangifesta & Manlio Santilli & Silvia Guri & Piero Di Carlo & Gianmaria D’Addazio & Sergio Caputi & Bruna Sinjari, 2021. "Effects of Natural Ventilation and Saliva Standard Ejectors during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Quantitative Analysis of Aerosol Produced during Dental Procedures," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-9, July.
    2. Bruna Sinjari & Imena Rexhepi & Manlio Santilli & Gianmaria D′Addazio & Piero Chiacchiaretta & Piero Di Carlo & Sergio Caputi, 2020. "The Impact of COVID-19 Related Lockdown on Dental Practice in Central Italy—Outcomes of A Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-14, August.
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