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Blood Pressure and Tooth Loss: A Large Cross-Sectional Study with Age Mediation Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • José João Mendes

    (Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
    Evidenced-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal)

  • João Viana

    (Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal)

  • Filipe Cruz

    (Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal)

  • Dinis Pereira

    (Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal)

  • Sílvia Ferreira

    (Patologia Clínica, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, 1449-005 Lisboa, Portugal)

  • Paula Pereira

    (Grupo de Estudos em Nutrição Aplicada (GENA), CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal)

  • Luís Proença

    (Evidenced-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
    Quantitative Methods for Health Research (MQIS), CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal)

  • Vanessa Machado

    (Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
    Evidenced-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal)

  • João Botelho

    (Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
    Evidenced-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal)

  • João Rua

    (Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal)

  • Ana Sintra Delgado

    (Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal)

Abstract

We aimed to investigate the association between blood pressure (BP) and tooth loss and the mediation effect of age. A cross-sectional study from a reference dental hospital was conducted from September 2017 to July 2020. Single measures of BP were taken via an automated sphygmomanometer device. Tooth loss was assessed through oral examination and confirmed radiographically. Severe tooth loss was defined as 10 or more teeth lost. Additional study covariates were collected via sociodemographic and medical questionnaires. A total of 10,576 patients were included. Hypertension was more prevalent in severe tooth loss patients than nonsevere tooth lost (56.1% vs. 39.3%, p < 0.001). The frequency of likely undiagnosed hypertension was 43.4%. The adjusted logistic model for sex, smoking habits and body mass index confirmed the association between continuous measures of high BP and continuous measures of tooth loss (odds ratio (OR) = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.03–1.06, p < 0.001). Age mediated 80.0% and 87.5% of the association between periodontitis with both systolic BP ( p < 0.001) and diastolic BP ( p < 0.001), respectively. Therefore, hypertension and tooth loss are associated, with a consistent mediation effect of age. Frequency of undiagnosed hypertension was elevated. Age, gender, active smoking, and BMI were independently associated with raised BP.

Suggested Citation

  • José João Mendes & João Viana & Filipe Cruz & Dinis Pereira & Sílvia Ferreira & Paula Pereira & Luís Proença & Vanessa Machado & João Botelho & João Rua & Ana Sintra Delgado, 2021. "Blood Pressure and Tooth Loss: A Large Cross-Sectional Study with Age Mediation Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(1), pages 1-13, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:1:p:285-:d:473774
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Najla Dar-Odeh & Sary Borzangy & Hamzah Babkair & Lamis Farghal & Ghufran Shahin & Sawsan Fadhlalmawla & Walaa Alhazmi & Sarah Taher & Osama Abu-Hammad, 2019. "Association of Dental Caries, Retained Roots, and Missing Teeth with Physical Status, Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension in Women of the Reproductive Age," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-8, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    Cited by:

    1. Patrícia Lyra & Vanessa Machado & Luís Proença & José João Mendes & João Botelho, 2021. "Tooth Loss and Blood Pressure in Parkinson’s Disease Patients: An Exploratory Study on NHANES Data," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-11, May.
    2. Víctor Beltrán & Marco Flores & Cristina Sanzana & Fernanda Muñoz-Sepúlveda & Eloy Alvarado & Bernardo Venegas & Juan Carlos Molina & Sandra Rueda-Velásquez & Alfredo von Marttens, 2023. "Tooth Loss and Caries Experience of Elderly Chileans in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Five Regions of Chile," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-11, February.

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