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Evidence of Violations of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes since the Adoption by the World Health Assembly in 1981: A Systematic Scoping Review Protocol

Author

Listed:
  • Genevieve E. Becker

    (BEST Services, H91T22T Galway, Ireland)

  • Constance Ching

    (Alive & Thrive Southeast Asia/FHI 360, Washington, DC 20009-5721, USA)

  • Paul Zambrano

    (Alive & Thrive Southeast Asia/FHI 360, Manila 1101, Philippines)

  • Allison Burns

    (FHI 360, Durham, NC 27701, USA)

  • Jennifer Cashin

    (Alive & Thrive Southeast Asia/FHI 360, Port Townsend, WA 98368, USA)

  • Roger Mathisen

    (Alive & Thrive Southeast Asia/FHI 360, Hanoi 11022, Vietnam)

Abstract

This is the protocol for a scoping review that aims to systematically explore and summarise the published evidence of violations of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes (the Code) and subsequent World Health Assembly Resolutions globally. The planned scoping review will seek to identify what research has been conducted on the topic, examine the geographic spread and nature of violations, and summarise knowledge gaps. The Code was adopted in 1981 by the World Health Assembly to protect infant health, in particular from aggressive and inappropriate marketing of breastmilk substitutes including formula and related products. Non-compliance with the Code or violations are described in reports, however, no existing systematic review of the global research appears to have been conducted that encompasses the varied disciplines including health, economics, and gender. The review will inform international and national decision-makers on the nature of violations and potentially highlight the need for new modalities to regulate this marketing. The proposed scoping review will use the six-step process of Arksey and O’Malley which includes defining the research question; identifying the relevant literature; selecting studies; charting the data; collating, summarising and reporting the findings; and will include a consultative group.

Suggested Citation

  • Genevieve E. Becker & Constance Ching & Paul Zambrano & Allison Burns & Jennifer Cashin & Roger Mathisen, 2021. "Evidence of Violations of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes since the Adoption by the World Health Assembly in 1981: A Systematic Scoping Review Protocol," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-13, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:18:p:9523-:d:632371
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Rosenberg, K.D. & Eastham, C.A. & Kasehagen, L.J. & Sandoval, A.P., 2008. "Marketing infant formula through hospitals: The impact of commercial hospital discharge packs on breastfeeding," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 98(2), pages 290-295.
    2. Constance Ching & Paul Zambrano & Tuan T. Nguyen & Manisha Tharaney & Maurice Gerald Zafimanjaka & Roger Mathisen, 2021. "Old Tricks, New Opportunities: How Companies Violate the International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes and Undermine Maternal and Child Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-29, March.
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    Cited by:

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