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Evaluating Therapeutic Effects of ADHD Medication Objectively by Movement Quantification with a Video-Based Skeleton Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Chen-Sen Ouyang

    (Department of Information Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 840, Taiwan)

  • Yi-Hung Chiu

    (Department of Information Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 840, Taiwan)

  • Ching-Tai Chiang

    (Department of Computer and Communication, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 912, Taiwan)

  • Rong-Ching Wu

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 840, Taiwan)

  • Ying-Tong Lin

    (St. Dominic Catholic High School, Kaohsiung 802, Taiwan)

  • Rei-Cheng Yang

    (Departments of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
    Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
    These authors contributed equally to this paper.)

  • Lung-Chang Lin

    (Departments of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
    Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
    These authors contributed equally to this paper.)

Abstract

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neuropsychiatric disorder in children. Several scales are available to evaluate ADHD therapeutic effects, including the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham (SNAP) questionnaire, the Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Rating Scale, and the visual analog scale. However, these scales are subjective. In the present study, we proposed an objective and automatic approach for evaluating the therapeutic effects of medication in patients with (ADHD). The approach involved using movement quantification of patients’ skeletons detected automatically with OpenPose in outpatient videos. Eleven skeleton parameter series were calculated from the detected skeleton sequence, and the corresponding 33 features were extracted using autocorrelation and variance analysis. This study enrolled 25 patients with ADHD. The outpatient videos were recorded before and after medication treatment. Statistical analysis indicated that four features corresponding to the first autocorrelation coefficients of the original series of four skeleton parameters and 11 features each corresponding to the first autocorrelation coefficients of the differenced series and the averaged variances of the original series of 11 skeleton parameters significantly decreased after the use of methylphenidate, an ADHD medication. The results revealed that the proposed approach can support physicians as an objective and automatic tool for evaluating the therapeutic effects of medication on patients with ADHD.

Suggested Citation

  • Chen-Sen Ouyang & Yi-Hung Chiu & Ching-Tai Chiang & Rong-Ching Wu & Ying-Tong Lin & Rei-Cheng Yang & Lung-Chang Lin, 2021. "Evaluating Therapeutic Effects of ADHD Medication Objectively by Movement Quantification with a Video-Based Skeleton Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-13, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:17:p:9363-:d:629238
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mireia Sempere-Tortosa & Francisco Fernández-Carrasco & Francisco Mora-Lizán & Carlos Rizo-Maestre, 2020. "Objective Analysis of Movement in Subjects with ADHD. Multidisciplinary Control Tool for Students in the Classroom," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-17, August.
    2. Mireia Sempere-Tortosa & Francisco Fernández-Carrasco & Ignasi Navarro-Soria & Carlos Rizo-Maestre, 2021. "Movement Patterns in Students Diagnosed with ADHD, Objective Measurement in a Natural Learning Environment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-12, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Seon-Chil Kim & Hojun Lee & Hyun-Suk Lee & Gaeun Kim & Jeong-Heon Song, 2022. "Adjuvant Therapy for Attention in Children with ADHD Using Game-Type Digital Therapy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-20, November.

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    1. Mireia Sempere-Tortosa & Francisco Fernández-Carrasco & Ignasi Navarro-Soria & Carlos Rizo-Maestre, 2021. "Movement Patterns in Students Diagnosed with ADHD, Objective Measurement in a Natural Learning Environment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-12, April.

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