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What Demographic, Social, and Contextual Factors Influence the Intention to Use COVID-19 Vaccines: A Scoping Review

Author

Listed:
  • Bara’ Abdallah AlShurman

    (School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

  • Amber Fozia Khan

    (School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

  • Christina Mac

    (School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

  • Meerab Majeed

    (Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada)

  • Zahid Ahmad Butt

    (School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada)

Abstract

Background: During the COVID-19 crisis, an apparent growth in vaccine hesitancy has been noticed due to different factors and reasons. Therefore, this scoping review was performed to determine the prevalence of intention to use COVID-19 vaccines among adults aged 18–60, and to identify the demographic, social, and contextual factors that influence the intention to use COVID-19 vaccines. Methods: This scoping review was conducted by using the methodological framework for scoping review outlined by Arksey and O’Malley. A search strategy was carried out on four electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. All peer-reviewed articles published between November 2019 and December 2020 were reviewed. Data were extracted to identify the prevalence of, and factors that influence, the intention to use COVID-19 vaccines. Results: A total of 48 relevant articles were identified for inclusion in the review. Outcomes presented fell into seven themes: demographics, social factors, vaccination beliefs and attitudes, vaccine-related perceptions, health-related perceptions, perceived barriers, and vaccine recommendations. Age, gender, education level, race/ethnicity, vaccine safety and effectiveness, influenza vaccination history, and self-protection from COVID-19 were the most prominent factors associated with intention to use COVID-19 vaccines. Furthermore, the majority of studies ( n = 34/48) reported a relatively high prevalence of intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19, with a range from 60% to 93%. Conclusion: This scoping review enables the creation of demographic, social, and contextual constructs associated with intention to vaccinate among the adult population. These factors are likely to play a major role in any targeted vaccination programs, particularly COVID-19 vaccination. Thus, our review suggests focusing on the development of strategies to promote the intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19 and to overcome vaccine hesitancy and refusal. These strategies could include transparent communication, social media engagement, and the initiation of education programs.

Suggested Citation

  • Bara’ Abdallah AlShurman & Amber Fozia Khan & Christina Mac & Meerab Majeed & Zahid Ahmad Butt, 2021. "What Demographic, Social, and Contextual Factors Influence the Intention to Use COVID-19 Vaccines: A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-43, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:17:p:9342-:d:628926
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Hein de Vries & Wouter Verputten & Christian Preissner & Gerjo Kok, 2022. "COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: The Role of Information Sources and Beliefs in Dutch Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-17, March.
    2. Avinno Faruk & Ishmam Al Quddus, 2023. "COVID‐19 vaccination: Willingness and practice in Bangladesh," Development Policy Review, Overseas Development Institute, vol. 41(1), January.
    3. Kiyoko Saito & Makiko Komasawa & Myo Nyein Aung & Ei Thinzar Khin, 2022. "COVID-19 Vaccination Willingness in Four Asian Countries: A Comparative Study including Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-16, September.
    4. Vieri Lastrucci & Chiara Lorini & Lorenzo Stacchini & Enrica Stancanelli & Andrea Guida & Alessio Radi & Chiara Morittu & Salvatore Zimmitti & Giorgia Alderotti & Marco Del Riccio & Angela Bechini & S, 2022. "Determinants of Actual COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in a Cohort of Essential Workers: An Area-Based Longitudinal Study in the Province of Prato, Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-12, October.
    5. Bara’ Abdallah AlShurman & Zahid Ahmad Butt, 2023. "Proposing a New Conceptual Syndemic Framework for COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: A Narrative Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-20, January.
    6. Cezar Morar & Alexandru Tiba & Tamara Jovanovic & Aleksandar Valjarević & Matthias Ripp & Miroslav D. Vujičić & Uglješa Stankov & Biljana Basarin & Rade Ratković & Maria Popović & Gyula Nagy & Lajos B, 2022. "Supporting Tourism by Assessing the Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccination for Travel Reasons," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(2), pages 1-15, January.
    7. Ladislav Štěpánek & Magdaléna Janošíková & Marie Nakládalová & Kateřina Ivanová & Jakub Macík & Alena Boriková & Helena Vildová, 2021. "Motivation for COVID-19 Vaccination in Priority Occupational Groups: A Cross-Sectional Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-8, November.

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