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The Effects of Waste Cement on the Bioavailability, Mobility, and Leaching of Cadmium in Soil

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  • Xiuming Ding

    (College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China)

  • Junfeng Wang

    (College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China)

  • Qing Huang

    (College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China)

  • Shan Hu

    (College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China)

  • Yuejun Wu

    (College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China)

  • Luya Wang

    (College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China)

Abstract

Waste cement is a construction and demolition waste produced from old buildings’ demolition and transformation. In recent years, the recycling of recycled concrete is limited to the use of recycled aggregate, and the research on the utilization of waste cement in waste concrete is scarce. This study explored the effective application of waste cement for the adsorption of cadmium (Cd 2+ ) from an aqueous solution and the bioavailability and immobility of Cd 2+ in soil. Results showed that the maximum adsorption capacities of ordinary Portland cement(OPC) paste, fly ash cement (FAC) paste, and zeolite cement (ZEC) paste for Cd 2+ were calculated to be 10.97, 9.47, 4.63 mg·g −1 , respectively. The possible mechanisms for Cd 2+ adsorption in the solution by waste cement mainly involve precipitation by forming insoluble Cd 2+ compounds in alkaline conditions, and ion exchange for Cd 2+ with the exchangeable calcium ions in waste cement, which were confirmed by XRD and SEM. Results from diethylene triaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) extraction and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) implied reduction of the Cd 2+ mobility. DTPA-extractable Cd 2+ decreased by 52, 48 and 46%, respectively, by adding 1% OPC, FAC and ZEC. TCLP-extractable Cd 2+ decreased by 89.0, 80.3, and 56.0% after 1% OPC, FAC, and ZEC treatment, respectively. BCR analyses indicate that OPC, FAC, and ZEC applications increased the percentage of Cd 2+ in residual fraction and induced a high reduction in the acid-soluble Cd 2+ proportion. The leaching column test further confirmed a reduction in Cd 2+ mobility by waste cement treated under continuous leaching of simulated acid rain (SAR). Therefore, waste cement exhibited a significant enhancement in the immobilization of Cd 2+ under simulated acid rain (SAR) leaching. In summary, the application of alkaline waste cement could substantially remove Cd 2+ from wastewater and reduce Cd 2+ mobility and bioavailability in contaminated soil.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiuming Ding & Junfeng Wang & Qing Huang & Shan Hu & Yuejun Wu & Luya Wang, 2021. "The Effects of Waste Cement on the Bioavailability, Mobility, and Leaching of Cadmium in Soil," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-19, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:16:p:8885-:d:620035
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kyoko Ono & Tetsuo Yasutaka & Takehiko I Hayashi & Masashi Kamo & Yuichi Iwasaki & Taizo Nakamori & Yoshikazu Fujii & Takafumi Kamitani, 2019. "Model construction for estimating potential vulnerability of Japanese soils to cadmium pollution based on intact soil properties," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(6), pages 1-17, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Panpan Wang & Yunzhe Cao & Bin Yang & Huilong Luo & Tian Liang & Jingjing Yu & Aizhong Ding & Lina Wang & Huiying Li & Hanlin Cao & Fujun Ma & Qingbao Gu & Fasheng Li, 2022. "Leaching Characteristics of Heavy Metals in the Baghouse Filter Dust from Direct-Fired Thermal Desorption of Contaminated Soil," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-12, December.

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