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Sleep and Mood Disturbances during the COVID-19 Outbreak in an Urban Chinese Population in Hong Kong: A Longitudinal Study of the Second and Third Waves of the Outbreak

Author

Listed:
  • Chun Sing Lam

    (Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
    Co-First Author.)

  • Branda Yee-Man Yu

    (Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
    Co-First Author.)

  • Denise Shuk Ting Cheung

    (Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China)

  • Teris Cheung

    (School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China)

  • Simon Ching Lam

    (School of Nursing, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong, China)

  • Ka-Fai Chung

    (Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China)

  • Fiona Yan-Yee Ho

    (Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China)

  • Wing-Fai Yeung

    (School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China)

Abstract

In response to the worsening situation of the COVID pandemic, this follow-up study aimed to assess the impact of the “third wave” of the outbreak on sleep and mood disturbances among Hong Kong citizens. A total of 339 respondents included in our last study during the second wave (4–11 August 2020) joined this survey (response rate = 51.1%). The questionnaire collected data on sleep conditions, mood, stress, and risk perception. The sleep quality and mood status were assessed using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The weighted prevalence of insomnia, anxiety, and depression was 33.6%, 15.3%, and 22.0%, respectively. Compared with the last survey, five out of six sleep parameters significantly worsened despite the lack of difference in the ISI score. The GAD-7 score was significantly lower. Old-aged adults were less likely to maintain good sleep quality compared with middle-aged adults (adjusted OR = 4.03, 95% CI: 1.04–15.73). Respondents without psychiatric disorder were more likely to be anxiety-free across the two time points (adjusted OR = 7.12, 95% CI: 1.33–38.03). One-third of Hong Kong people reported poor sleeping quality in the third wave of the COVID-19 outbreak. Policy-makers need to propose a contingent plan to allocate mental health resources to vulnerable subpopulations.

Suggested Citation

  • Chun Sing Lam & Branda Yee-Man Yu & Denise Shuk Ting Cheung & Teris Cheung & Simon Ching Lam & Ka-Fai Chung & Fiona Yan-Yee Ho & Wing-Fai Yeung, 2021. "Sleep and Mood Disturbances during the COVID-19 Outbreak in an Urban Chinese Population in Hong Kong: A Longitudinal Study of the Second and Third Waves of the Outbreak," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-11, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:16:p:8444-:d:611756
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    Cited by:

    1. Eugenie Sin Sing Tan & Shaun Ashley Fung Xian Chin & Manimeyapan S. Palaniappan Sathapan & Astrid Disimond Dewi & Farahnaz Amini & Normina Ahmad Bustami & Pui Yee Tan & Yu Bin Ho & Chung Keat Tan, 2023. "Mental Health and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Observational Evidence from Malaysia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-14, February.
    2. Shu-Cheng Chen & Tin-Wai Cheung & Branda Yee-Man Yu & Mei-Yan Chan & Wing-Fai Yeung & Li Li, 2023. "Improving Sleep with Far-Infrared-Emitting Pajamas: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-13, February.
    3. Anca Diana Maierean & Damiana Maria Vulturar & Ioana Maria Chetan & Carmen-Bianca Crivii & Cornelia Bala & Stefan Cristian Vesa & Doina Adina Todea, 2023. "The Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic as a Public Health Problem—Interactions with Sleep Efficacy and Mental Health," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-21, February.

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