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Differential Access to Park Space Based on Country of Origin within Miami’s Hispanic/Latino Population: A Novel Analysis of Park Equity

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  • Marco Lorenzo Allain

    (Department of Geography, University of Utah, 260 Central Campus Dr., Rm. 4625, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA)

  • Timothy W. Collins

    (Department of Geography, University of Utah, 260 Central Campus Dr., Rm. 4625, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA)

Abstract

Some U.S.-based park equity studies reveal that affluent and White neighborhoods have privileged access to greenspace. In such studies in the U.S. and elsewhere, park access indicators are typically examined in relation to measures of income, housing tenure, and broad race/ethnicity categories (e.g., Hispanic/Latino, Black, and White in the U.S.). The treatment of people as monolithic ethnic groups in park equity research is potentially misleading, particularly in global cities where ethnic populations are highly heterogeneous. In this study, we assess inequities in access to park space within the diverse Hispanic/Latino population of the Miami Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) based on national origin. We specified multivariable generalized estimating equations to examine social correlates of area-weighted park access at the census tract level. Our first model includes a variable for the proportion of the tract population of Hispanic/Latino ethnicity, which we substitute in the second model with variables representing the proportions of the tract population from the most populous country-of-origin groups in the MSA applicable to the Hispanic/Latino population. Our first model indicates robust negative relationships for the proportion Hispanic/Latino and Black/African American variables with area-weighted park access, adjusting for median household income, renter-occupancy, and old and young population composition. Our second model indicates negative relationships based on Cuban and Venezuelan neighborhood composition, while the four other country-of-origin subgroup variables exhibit statistically non-significant associations with area-weighted park access. Study findings have implications for the analysis of ethnicity categories in park equity research and interventions to promote park equity, especially in global cities.

Suggested Citation

  • Marco Lorenzo Allain & Timothy W. Collins, 2021. "Differential Access to Park Space Based on Country of Origin within Miami’s Hispanic/Latino Population: A Novel Analysis of Park Equity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-18, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:16:p:8364-:d:610145
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Anthony Daniel Perez & Charles Hirschman, 2009. "The Changing Racial and Ethnic Composition of the US Population: Emerging American Identities," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 35(1), pages 1-51, March.
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    3. Sara E. Grineski & Timothy W. Collins & Ricardo Rubio, 2019. "Distributional Environmental Injustices for a Minority Group without Minority Status: Arab Americans and Residential Exposure to Carcinogenic Air Pollution in the US," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-16, December.
    4. Timothy W. Collins & Sara E. Grineski & Danielle X. Morales, 2017. "Sexual Orientation, Gender, and Environmental Injustice: Unequal Carcinogenic Air Pollution Risks in Greater Houston," Annals of the American Association of Geographers, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 107(1), pages 72-92, January.
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