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Effect of Summer Sunshine Exposure on Vitamin D Status in Young and Middle Age Poles: Is 30 ng/mL Vitamin D Cut-Off Really Suitable for the Polish Population?

Author

Listed:
  • Magdalena Basińska-Lewandowska

    (“Your Family Doctor”, General Practice Surgery, 93-324 Lodz, Poland)

  • Andrzej Lewiński

    (Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital—Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland
    Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland)

  • Wojciech Horzelski

    (Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Lodz, 90-238 Lodz, Poland)

  • Elżbieta Skowrońska-Jóźwiak

    (Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital—Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland
    Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland)

Abstract

Background: There is no consensus regarding vitamin sufficiency status with either 20 ng/mL or 30 ng/mL sufficiency cut-off. We assessed the effects of summer sunshine exposure on vitamin D status. Participants: We measured vitamin D concentrations, PTH, creatinine, and total calcium in 132 healthy subjects, age 29.36 ± 13.57 years, in spring and autumn. Results: There was an overall increase in vitamin D concentrations from spring to autumn from 18.1 ± 7.39 ng/mL to 24.58 ± 7.72 ng/mL, ( p < 0.001), accompanied by a decrease in PTH from 44.4 ± 17.76 pg/mL to 36.6 ± 14.84 pg/mL, ( p < 0.001). In spring, only 5.3% of individuals were vitamin D sufficient for a 30 ng/mL cut-off, increasing to 23.2% in autumn ( p < 0.001). In contrast, when a 20 ng/mL cut-off was employed, vitamin D sufficiency was found in 34.1% in spring and 66.4% individuals in autumn, respectively, ( p < 0.001). In multiple regression analysis, holiday leave was the only significant determinant of vitamin D increase ( p < 0.001). Conclusions: Holiday leave is the strongest determinant of an increase in vitamin D. The majority of healthy individuals fail to reach a 30 ng/mL vitamin D cut-off after summer sunshine exposure. This raises the question, whether such a cut-off is indeed suitable for the Polish population.

Suggested Citation

  • Magdalena Basińska-Lewandowska & Andrzej Lewiński & Wojciech Horzelski & Elżbieta Skowrońska-Jóźwiak, 2021. "Effect of Summer Sunshine Exposure on Vitamin D Status in Young and Middle Age Poles: Is 30 ng/mL Vitamin D Cut-Off Really Suitable for the Polish Population?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-9, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:15:p:8116-:d:605946
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Richard Kift & Lesley E. Rhodes & Mark D. Farrar & Ann R. Webb, 2018. "Is Sunlight Exposure Enough to Avoid Wintertime Vitamin D Deficiency in United Kingdom Population Groups?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-11, August.
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