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Sociodemographic Determinants of Nonadherence to Depression and Anxiety Medication among Individuals Experiencing Homelessness

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  • Sahar S. Eshtehardi

    (Department of Psychological, Health, & Learning Sciences, The University of Houston, 3657 Cullen Blvd Stephen Power Farish Hall, Houston, TX 77204, USA)

  • Ashley A. Taylor

    (Department of Psychological, Health, & Learning Sciences, The University of Houston, 3657 Cullen Blvd Stephen Power Farish Hall, Houston, TX 77204, USA)

  • Tzuan A. Chen

    (Department of Psychological, Health, & Learning Sciences, The University of Houston, 3657 Cullen Blvd Stephen Power Farish Hall, Houston, TX 77204, USA
    HEALTH Research Institute, The University of Houston, 4849 Calhoun Rd., Houston, TX 77204, USA)

  • Marcel A. de Dios

    (Department of Psychological, Health, & Learning Sciences, The University of Houston, 3657 Cullen Blvd Stephen Power Farish Hall, Houston, TX 77204, USA
    HEALTH Research Institute, The University of Houston, 4849 Calhoun Rd., Houston, TX 77204, USA)

  • Virmarie Correa-Fernández

    (Department of Psychological, Health, & Learning Sciences, The University of Houston, 3657 Cullen Blvd Stephen Power Farish Hall, Houston, TX 77204, USA
    HEALTH Research Institute, The University of Houston, 4849 Calhoun Rd., Houston, TX 77204, USA)

  • Darla E. Kendzor

    (TSET Health Promotion Research Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 655 Research Parkway, Suite 400, Oklahoma, OK 73104, USA)

  • Michael S. Businelle

    (TSET Health Promotion Research Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 655 Research Parkway, Suite 400, Oklahoma, OK 73104, USA)

  • Lorraine R. Reitzel

    (Department of Psychological, Health, & Learning Sciences, The University of Houston, 3657 Cullen Blvd Stephen Power Farish Hall, Houston, TX 77204, USA
    HEALTH Research Institute, The University of Houston, 4849 Calhoun Rd., Houston, TX 77204, USA)

Abstract

Psychiatric medication nonadherence continues to be a leading cause of poor health outcomes for individuals experiencing homelessness. Identifying the sociodemographic factors that contribute to medication nonadherence may help guide strategies to care for and support this group. This study examined 200 adults with depression diagnoses and active anti-depressant prescriptions (Mage = 43.98 ± 12.08, 59.4% Caucasian, 58.5% male, 70% uninsured, 89.5% unemployed) and 181 adults with anxiety diagnoses and active anti-anxiety prescriptions (Mage = 43.45 ± 11.02, 54.4% Caucasian, 57.5% male, 66.3% uninsured, 88.9% unemployed) recruited from six homeless-serving agencies in Oklahoma City. Self-reported sociodemographic variables included: age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, monthly income, employment status, and health insurance status. Adjusted logistic regression analyses revealed that employed (OR = 4.022, CI 0.95 : 1.244–13.004) and insured (OR = 2.923, CI 0.95 : 1.225–6.973) participants had greater odds of depression medication nonadherence. For anxiety, being employed (OR = 3.573, CI 0.95 : 1.160–11.010) was associated with greater odds of anxiety medication nonadherence, whereas having depression and anxiety diagnostic comorbidity (OR = 0.333, CI 0.95 : 0.137–0.810) was associated with lower odds of anxiety medication nonadherence. Interventions aimed at facilitating accessible prescription acquisition or otherwise reducing barriers to prescription medications for employed adults, including those with health insurance, may benefit adherence, but more research is needed. Future studies would benefit from using a qualitative approach to better delineate nuanced barriers to psychiatric medication adherence.

Suggested Citation

  • Sahar S. Eshtehardi & Ashley A. Taylor & Tzuan A. Chen & Marcel A. de Dios & Virmarie Correa-Fernández & Darla E. Kendzor & Michael S. Businelle & Lorraine R. Reitzel, 2021. "Sociodemographic Determinants of Nonadherence to Depression and Anxiety Medication among Individuals Experiencing Homelessness," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-13, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:15:p:7958-:d:602894
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kidder, D.P. & Wolitski, R.J. & Campsmith, M.L. & Nakamura, G.V., 2007. "Health status, health care use, medication use, and medication adherence among homeless and housed people living with HIV/AIDS," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 97(12), pages 2238-2245.
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    Cited by:

    1. Kate Frazer & Thilo Kroll, 2022. "Understanding and Tackling the Complex Challenges of Homelessness and Health," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-3, March.

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