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A Cumulative Muscle Index and Its Parameters for Predicting Future Cognitive Decline: Longitudinal Outcomes of the ASPRA Cohort

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  • Ji-Yeon Baek

    (Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea)

  • Eunju Lee

    (Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea)

  • Woo Jung Kim

    (Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin 16995, Korea)

  • Il-Young Jang

    (Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea)

  • Hee-Won Jung

    (Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea)

Abstract

Sarcopenia and cognitive decline share the major risk factors of physical inactivity; previous studies have shown inconsistent associations. We aimed to identify the association of sarcopenia and its parameters with cognitive decline. The 3-year longitudinal outcomes of 1327 participants from the Aging Study of the Pyeongchang Rural Area (ASPRA) cohort were analyzed. Cognitive performance was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and sarcopenia was defined by the following: the original and revised Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS), the original and revised European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP), and the Cumulative Muscle Index (CMI), a novel index based on the number of impaired domains of sarcopenia. Approximately half of the participants showed meaningful cognitive decline. Sarcopenia by the original EWGSOP and the CMI were associated with cognitive decline. Only the CMI showed consistent predictability for cognitive impairment even with different criteria of the MMSE score (OR 1.23 [1.04–1.46]; OR 1.34 [1.12–1.59]; OR 1.22 [1.01–1.49], using the 1, 2, and 3 cut-off value, respectively). Of the CMI parameters, gait speed was satisfactorily predictive of 3-year cognitive impairment (OR 0.54 [0.30–0.97]). In conclusion, sarcopenia based on the CMI may be predictive of future cognitive impairment. Gait speed was the single most important indicator of cognitive decline.

Suggested Citation

  • Ji-Yeon Baek & Eunju Lee & Woo Jung Kim & Il-Young Jang & Hee-Won Jung, 2021. "A Cumulative Muscle Index and Its Parameters for Predicting Future Cognitive Decline: Longitudinal Outcomes of the ASPRA Cohort," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-10, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:14:p:7350-:d:591375
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Miji Kim & Chang Won Won, 2019. "Sarcopenia Is Associated with Cognitive Impairment Mainly Due to Slow Gait Speed: Results from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-18, April.
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