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Relationships between Vitamin D and Selected Cytokines and Hemogram Parameters in Professional Football Players—Pilot Study

Author

Listed:
  • Anna Książek

    (Department of the Biological and Medical Basis of Sport, University School of Physical Education in Wrocław, Al. Paderewskiego 35, 51-617 Wrocław, Poland)

  • Aleksandra Zagrodna

    (Department of the Biological and Medical Basis of Sport, University School of Physical Education in Wrocław, Al. Paderewskiego 35, 51-617 Wrocław, Poland)

  • Anna Bohdanowicz-Pawlak

    (Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Isotope Therapy, Wrocław Medical University, ul. Pasteur 4, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland)

  • Felicja Lwow

    (Faculty of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education in Wrocław, Al. Paderewskiego 35, 51-617 Wrocław, Poland)

  • Małgorzata Słowińska-Lisowska

    (Department of the Biological and Medical Basis of Sport, University School of Physical Education in Wrocław, Al. Paderewskiego 35, 51-617 Wrocław, Poland)

Abstract

Vitamin D affects both innate and adaptive immunity. Most of the effects of vitamin D on innate immunity are anti-inflammatory. In monocytes/macrophages, vitamin D suppresses the production of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between 25(OH)D concentration and selected cytokines—IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β, which are hemogram parameters for professional football players. We enrolled 41 Polish premier league soccer players. The mean age, career duration, and VO 2max were, respectively: 22.7 ± 5.3 years, 14.7 ± 4.5 years, and 55.8 ± 4.0 mL/kg/min. Serum levels of 25(OH)D were measured by electrochemiluminescence (ECLIA) using the Elecsys system (Roche, Switzerland). Serum levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α were measured by ELISA (R&D Systems, Minneapolis). Blood count with smear was measured on a Sysmex XT-4000i analyzer (Sysmex Corporation, Japan). Our study showed decreased serum 25(OH)D levels in 78% of the professional players. We found a significant negative correlation between 25(OH)D levels and TNF-α and LYMPH (%). The results also demonstrated a statistically significant positive correlation between vitamin D levels and NEUTH (%), NEUTH (tys/µL), and EOS (tys/µL). Based on the results of our study, we concluded that football players from Poland are not protected against vitamin D insufficiency in winter months. Moreover, vitamin D deficiency may be associated with an increased pro-inflammatory risk in well-trained athletes.

Suggested Citation

  • Anna Książek & Aleksandra Zagrodna & Anna Bohdanowicz-Pawlak & Felicja Lwow & Małgorzata Słowińska-Lisowska, 2021. "Relationships between Vitamin D and Selected Cytokines and Hemogram Parameters in Professional Football Players—Pilot Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-10, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:13:p:7124-:d:587879
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    Cited by:

    1. Giulia My & Santo Marsigliante & Antonino Bianco & Daniele Zangla & Carlos Marques da Silva & Antonella Muscella, 2022. "Biological, Psychological, and Physical Performance Variations in Football Players during the COVID-19 Lockdown: A Prospective Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-18, February.

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