Precision Health Care Elements, Definitions, and Strategies for Patients with Diabetes: A Literature Review

Diabetes is a prevalent disease with a high risk of complications. The number of people with diabetes worldwide was reported to increase every year. However, new integrated individualized health care related to diabetes is insufficiently developed. Purpose: The objective of this study was to conduct a literature review and discover precision health care elements, definitions, and strategies. Methods: This study involved a 2-stage process. The first stage comprised a systematic literature search, evidence evaluation, and article extraction. The second stage involved discovering precision health care elements and defining and developing strategies for the management of patients with diabetes. Results: Of 1337 articles, we selected 35 relevant articles for identifying elements and definitions of precision health care for diabetes, including personalized genetic or lifestyle factors, biodata- or evidence-based practice, glycemic target, patient preferences, glycemic control, interdisciplinary collaboration practice, self-management, and patient priority direct care. Moreover, strategies were developed to apply precision health care for diabetes treatment based on eight elements. Conclusions: We discovered precision health care elements and defined and developed strategies of precision health care for patients with diabetes. precision health care is based on team foundation, personalized glycemic target, and control as well as patient preferences and priority, thus providing references for future research and clinical practice.