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Modelling the Reallocation of Time Spent Sitting into Physical Activity: Isotemporal Substitution vs. Compositional Isotemporal Substitution

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  • Gregory J. H. Biddle

    (Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
    NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
    Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
    The Centre for Lifestyle Medicine and Behaviour, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK)

  • Joseph Henson

    (Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
    NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK)

  • Stuart J. H. Biddle

    (Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Education City, Springfield Central, QLD 4350, Australia)

  • Melanie J. Davies

    (Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
    NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
    Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK)

  • Kamlesh Khunti

    (Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
    Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
    NIHR Collaborations for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) East Midlands, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK)

  • Alex V. Rowlands

    (Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
    NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK)

  • Stephen Sutton

    (Behavioural Science Group, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SR, UK)

  • Thomas Yates

    (Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
    NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK)

  • Charlotte L. Edwardson

    (Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
    NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK)

Abstract

Isotemporal substitution modelling (ISM) and compositional isotemporal modelling (CISM) are statistical approaches used in epidemiology to model the associations of replacing time in one physical behaviour with time in another. This study’s aim was to use both ISM and CISM to examine and compare associations of reallocating 60 min of sitting into standing or stepping with markers of cardiometabolic health. Cross-sectional data collected during three randomised control trials (RCTs) were utilised. All participants ( n = 1554) were identified as being at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Reallocating 60 min from sitting to standing and to stepping was associated with a lower BMI, waist circumference, and triglycerides and higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol using both ISM and CISM ( p < 0.05). The direction and magnitude of significant associations were consistent across methods. No associations were observed for hemoglobin A1c, total cholesterol, or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol for either method. Results of both ISM and CISM were broadly similar, allowing for the interpretation of previous research, and should enable future research in order to make informed methodological, data-driven decisions.

Suggested Citation

  • Gregory J. H. Biddle & Joseph Henson & Stuart J. H. Biddle & Melanie J. Davies & Kamlesh Khunti & Alex V. Rowlands & Stephen Sutton & Thomas Yates & Charlotte L. Edwardson, 2021. "Modelling the Reallocation of Time Spent Sitting into Physical Activity: Isotemporal Substitution vs. Compositional Isotemporal Substitution," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-12, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:12:p:6210-:d:571333
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Rania A. Mekary & Eric L. Ding, 2019. "Isotemporal Substitution as the Gold Standard Model for Physical Activity Epidemiology: Why It Is the Most Appropriate for Activity Time Research," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-3, March.
    2. Gregory J. H. Biddle & Charlotte L. Edwardson & Joseph Henson & Melanie J. Davies & Kamlesh Khunti & Alex V. Rowlands & Thomas Yates, 2018. "Associations of Physical Behaviours and Behavioural Reallocations with Markers of Metabolic Health: A Compositional Data Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-14, October.
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