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Physical Activity, Sleep, and Sedentary Behavior among Successful Long-Term Weight Loss Maintainers: Findings from a U.S. National Study

Author

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  • Gregory Knell

    (Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77030, USA
    Center for Pediatric Population Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Dallas, TX 75390, USA
    Children’s Health Andrews Institute for Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Plano, TX 75024, USA)

  • Qing Li

    (Department of Intramural Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA)

  • Elisa Morales-Marroquin

    (Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77030, USA
    Center for Pediatric Population Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Dallas, TX 75390, USA)

  • Jeffrey Drope

    (Department of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA)

  • Kelley Pettee Gabriel

    (Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA)

  • Kerem Shuval

    (The Cooper Institute, Dallas, TX 75230, USA
    Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel)

Abstract

Despite adults’ desire to reduce body mass (weight) for numerous health benefits, few are able to successfully lose at least 5% of their starting weight. There is evidence on the independent associations of physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and sleep with weight loss; however, this study provided insight on the combined effects of these behaviors on long-term body weight loss success. Hence, the purpose of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the joint relations of sleep, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors with successful long-term weight loss. Data are from the 2005–2006 wave of the National Health and Examination Survey (NHANES). Physical activity and sedentary behavior were measured with an accelerometer, whereas sleep time was self-reported. Physical activity and sleep were dichotomized into meeting guidelines (active/not active, ideal sleep/short sleep), and sedentary time was categorized into prolonged sedentary time (4th quartile) compared to low sedentary time (1st–3rd quartiles). The dichotomized behaviors were combined to form 12 unique behavioral combinations. Two-step multivariable regression models were used to determine the associations between the behavioral combinations with (1) long-term weight loss success (≥5% body mass reduction for ≥12-months) and (2) the amount of body mass reduction among those who were successful. After adjustment for relevant factors, there were no significant associations between any of the independent body weight loss behaviors (physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep) and successful long-term weight loss. However, after combining the behaviors, those who were active (≥150 min MVPA weekly), regardless of their sedentary time, were significantly ( p < 0.05) more likely to have long-term weight loss success compared to the inactive and sedentary referent group. These results should be confirmed in longitudinal analyses, including investigation of characteristics of waking (type, domain, and context) and sleep (quality metrics) behaviors for their association with long-term weight loss success.

Suggested Citation

  • Gregory Knell & Qing Li & Elisa Morales-Marroquin & Jeffrey Drope & Kelley Pettee Gabriel & Kerem Shuval, 2021. "Physical Activity, Sleep, and Sedentary Behavior among Successful Long-Term Weight Loss Maintainers: Findings from a U.S. National Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-12, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:11:p:5557-:d:560182
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Erika Rees-Punia & Mark A Guinter & Susan M Gapstur & Ying Wang & Alpa V Patel, 2021. "Composition of time in movement behaviors and weight change in Latinx, Black and white participants," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(1), pages 1-13, January.
    2. D. L. Katz, 2014. "Perspective: Obesity is not a disease," Nature, Nature, vol. 508(7496), pages 57-57, April.
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