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Receptive and Expressive Vocabulary Skills and Their Correlates in Mandarin-Speaking Infants with Unrepaired Cleft Lip and/or Palate

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  • Si-Wei Ma

    (Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
    School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China
    Research Center of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China)

  • Li Lu

    (Team IETO, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR U1219, INSERM, Université de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France)

  • Ting-Ting Zhang

    (Department of English, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao 999078, China)

  • Dan-Tong Zhao

    (School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China)

  • Bin-Ting Yang

    (Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China)

  • Yan-Yan Yang

    (Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China)

  • Jian-Min Gao

    (School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China)

Abstract

Background: Vocabulary skills in infants with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) are related to various factors. They remain underexplored among Mandarin-speaking infants with CL/P. This study identified receptive and expressive vocabulary skills among Mandarin-speaking infants with unrepaired CL/P prior to cleft palate surgery and their associated factors. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involving patients at the Cleft Lip and Palate Center of the Stomatological Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University between July 2017 and December 2018. The Putonghua Communicative Development Inventories-Short Form (PCDI-SF) was used to assess early vocabulary skills. Results: A total of 134 children aged 9–16 months prior to cleft palate surgery were included in the study. The prevalences of delays in receptive and expressive vocabulary skills were 72.39% (95% CI: 64.00–79.76%) and 85.07% (95% CI: 77.89–90.64%), respectively. Multiple logistic regression identified that children aged 11–13 months (OR = 6.46, 95% CI: 1.76–23.76) and 14–16 months (OR = 24.32, 95% CI: 3.86–153.05), and those with hard/soft cleft palate and soft cleft palate (HSCP/SCP) (OR = 5.63, 95% CI: 1.02–31.01) were more likely to be delayed in receptive vocabulary skills. Conclusions: Delays in vocabulary skills were common among Mandarin-speaking CL/P infants, and age was positively associated with impaired and lagging vocabulary skills. The findings suggest the necessity and importance of early and effective identification of CL/P, and early intervention programs and effective treatment are recommended for Chinese CL/P infants.

Suggested Citation

  • Si-Wei Ma & Li Lu & Ting-Ting Zhang & Dan-Tong Zhao & Bin-Ting Yang & Yan-Yan Yang & Jian-Min Gao, 2020. "Receptive and Expressive Vocabulary Skills and Their Correlates in Mandarin-Speaking Infants with Unrepaired Cleft Lip and/or Palate," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-9, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:9:p:3015-:d:350736
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Christine L. Stager & Janet F. Werker, 1997. "Infants listen for more phonetic detail in speech perception than in word-learning tasks," Nature, Nature, vol. 388(6640), pages 381-382, July.
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