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ENAM Gene Variation in Students Exposed to Different Fluoride Concentrations

Author

Listed:
  • Denisse Duran-Merino

    (Dental Sciences, Autonomous Metropolitan University Xochimilco (UAM), Calzada del Hueso 1100, Mexico City 04900, Mexico)

  • Nelly Molina-Frechero

    (Department of Health Care, Autonomous Metropolitan University Xochimilco (UAM), Calzada del Hueso 1100, Mexico City 04900, Mexico)

  • Leonor Sánchez-Pérez

    (Department of Health Care, Autonomous Metropolitan University Xochimilco (UAM), Calzada del Hueso 1100, Mexico City 04900, Mexico)

  • Martina Nevárez-Rascón

    (School of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Chihuahua (UACH), Chihuahua, Campus I Av. Universidad s/n, Chihuahua 31000, Mexico)

  • Rogelio González-González

    (Department of Research, School of Dentistry, Juarez University of the State of Durango, Durango (UJED) Predio Canoas s/n, Durango 34000, Mexico)

  • Omar Tremillo-Maldonado

    (Department of Research, School of Dentistry, Juarez University of the State of Durango, Durango (UJED) Predio Canoas s/n, Durango 34000, Mexico)

  • Diana Cassi

    (Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Science–University of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy)

  • Ronell Bologna-Molina

    (Molecular Pathology Area, School of Dentistry, University of the Republic, Uruguay (UDELAR) Montevideo 11600, Montevideo 11200, Uruguay)

Abstract

The ENAM gene is important in the formation of tooth enamel; an alteration can affect the lengthening of the crystals, and the thickness in enamel. The objective was to determine the presence of the single nucleotide variant (SNV) rs12640848 of the ENAM gene in students exposed to different concentrations of fluoride. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on students exposed to high concentrations of fluoride in the city of Durango which were divided according to the severity of fluorosis and dental caries. Genotype determination was performed by DNA sequencing. The relationship between the severity of dental fluorosis and the allele distribution was determined by the Fisher’s exact and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Results: Seventy-one students were included for the sequencing. In the different allelic variations, for the normal genotype AA/TT, the control group presented 75%, for the AG/TC variation, 70.8% in the TF ≤ 4 group, 65% in TF ≥ 5, and 16.7% in TF = 0; with respect to GG/CC variation, 12.5% in TF ≤ 4, 22% in TF ≥ 5, and 8.3% in TF = 0 group ( p = 0.000). Conclusion: The ENAM gene showed an association in the population exposed to different concentrations of fluoride.

Suggested Citation

  • Denisse Duran-Merino & Nelly Molina-Frechero & Leonor Sánchez-Pérez & Martina Nevárez-Rascón & Rogelio González-González & Omar Tremillo-Maldonado & Diana Cassi & Ronell Bologna-Molina, 2020. "ENAM Gene Variation in Students Exposed to Different Fluoride Concentrations," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-8, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:6:p:1832-:d:331505
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