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The Effect of Ultraviolet B Irradiation Compared with Oral Vitamin D Supplementation on the Well-being of Nursing Home Residents with Dementia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Author

Listed:
  • Bistra I. Veleva

    (Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
    Woonzorgcentra Haaglanden, Polanenhof 497, 2548 MP Den Haag, The Netherlands)

  • Monique A. A. Caljouw

    (Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands)

  • Jenny T. van der Steen

    (Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands)

  • Bart J. A. Mertens

    (Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands)

  • Victor G. M. Chel

    (Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands)

  • Mattijs E. Numans

    (Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands)

Abstract

There are indications that ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure has beneficial effects on well-being through mechanisms other than vitamin D synthesis alone. We conducted a randomized controlled multicenter trial to compare the effects of UVB light and vitamin D supplementation (VD) in terms of the well-being of nursing home residents with dementia. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention group (UVB group, n = 41; half-body UVB irradiation, twice weekly over 6 months, with 1 standard erythema dose (SED)) or to the control group (VD group, n = 37; 5600 International units (IU) cholecalciferol supplementation once a week). The main outcome was well-being, measured by the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) and the Cornell scale for depression in dementia at 0, 3, and 6 months. Secondary outcomes were QUALIDEM quality of life domains and biochemical parameters of bone homeostasis. Intention-to-treat analysis with linear mixed modeling showed no significant between-group differences on agitation ( p = 0.431) or depressive symptoms ( p = 0.982). At six months, the UVB group showed less restless/tense behavior compared to the VD group (mean difference of the mean change scores 2.2, 95% CI 0.8 to 3.6; p = 0.003 for group x time interaction) and lower serum 25(OH)D3 concentration (estimated mean difference - 21.9, 95% CI −32.6 to −11.2; p = 0.003 for group difference). The exposure of nursing home residents with dementia to UVB light showed no positive benefits in terms of wellbeing. UVB treatment may have a positive effect on the restless/tense behavior characteristic of advanced dementia but more research is needed to confirm this finding.

Suggested Citation

  • Bistra I. Veleva & Monique A. A. Caljouw & Jenny T. van der Steen & Bart J. A. Mertens & Victor G. M. Chel & Mattijs E. Numans, 2020. "The Effect of Ultraviolet B Irradiation Compared with Oral Vitamin D Supplementation on the Well-being of Nursing Home Residents with Dementia: A Randomized Controlled Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-12, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:5:p:1684-:d:328626
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Marit Mjørud & Janne Røsvik & Anne Marie Mork Rokstad & Marit Kirkevold & Knut Engedal, 2014. "Variables Associated with Change in Quality of Life among Persons with Dementia in Nursing Homes: A 10 Months Follow-Up Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(12), pages 1-17, December.
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