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Shift Work and Prostate Cancer: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Mario Rivera-Izquierdo

    (Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, Edificio A, 8ª planta, 18016 Granada, Spain
    Service of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain)

  • Virginia Martínez-Ruiz

    (Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, Edificio A, 8ª planta, 18016 Granada, Spain
    Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain)

  • Elena Mercedes Castillo-Ruiz

    (Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, Edificio A, 8ª planta, 18016 Granada, Spain)

  • Miriam Manzaneda-Navío

    (Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, Edificio A, 8ª planta, 18016 Granada, Spain)

  • Beatriz Pérez-Gómez

    (Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain)

  • José Juan Jiménez-Moleón

    (Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, Edificio A, 8ª planta, 18016 Granada, Spain
    Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain)

Abstract

The International Agency of Research in Cancer (IARC) has recently confirmed shift work as a type 2A carcinogen. The results presented in published epidemiological studies regarding prostate cancer are inconsistent and the association remains controversial. The aims of this study were: (a) to investigate the possible association between shift work and prostate cancer incidence, identifying possible sources of heterogeneity; and (b) to analyze the potential effect of publication bias. A search for cohort and case-control studies published from January 1980 to November 2019 was conducted. The quality of the articles was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Pooled OR were calculated using random-effects models. Heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochran’s Q test and data were stratified by potential sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias was analyzed. Eighteen studies were included. No association was found between rotating/night-shift work and prostate cancer, pooled OR 1.07 (95%CI 0.99 to 1.15), I 2 = 45.7%, p = 0.016. Heterogeneity was eliminated when only cohort studies (pooled OR 1.03; 95%CI 0.96 to 1.10; I 2 = 18.9%, p = 0.264) or high-quality studies (pooled OR 0.99; 95%CI 0.89 to 1.08; I 2 = 0.0%, p = 0.571) were considered. A publication bias was detected. An association between shift work and prostate cancer cannot be confirmed with the available current data. Future analytical studies assessing more objective homogeneous exposure variables still seem necessary.

Suggested Citation

  • Mario Rivera-Izquierdo & Virginia Martínez-Ruiz & Elena Mercedes Castillo-Ruiz & Miriam Manzaneda-Navío & Beatriz Pérez-Gómez & José Juan Jiménez-Moleón, 2020. "Shift Work and Prostate Cancer: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-17, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:4:p:1345-:d:322673
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    Cited by:

    1. Massimo Bracci & Laura Zingaretti & Margherita Martelli & Raffaella Lazzarini & Gianmaria Salvio & Monica Amati & Marijana Milinkovic & Alfio Ulissi & Anna Rita Medori & Ermanno Vitale & Caterina Ledd, 2023. "Alterations in Pregnenolone and Testosterone Levels in Male Shift Workers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-12, February.

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