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Describing Independent Eating Occasions among Low-Income Adolescents

Author

Listed:
  • Jinan Banna

    (Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii-Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA)

  • Rickelle Richards

    (Department of Nutrition, Dietetics & Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA)

  • Blake Jones

    (Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA)

  • Alex Kojo Anderson

    (Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA)

  • Marla Reicks

    (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA)

  • Mary Cluskey

    (School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Nutrition, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA)

  • Carolyn Gunther

    (Department of Human Sciences, Ohio State University, Human Nutrition Program, Columbus, OH 43210, USA)

  • Nobuko Kay Hongu

    (Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA)

  • Karina Lora

    (Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA)

  • Scottie Misner

    (Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA)

  • Lillie Monroe-Lord

    (Center for Nutrition, Diet and Health, University of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC 20008, USA)

  • Glade Topham

    (Couple and Family Therapy Program, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA)

  • Siew Sun Wong

    (School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Nutrition, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA)

  • Eunjung Lim

    (Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Hawaii-Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA)

Abstract

The purpose of this formative, cross-sectional study was to describe independent eating occasions (iEOs) among a convenience sample of low-income early adolescents (10–13 years, n = 46) in 10 U.S. states, including environmental context, foods selected and reasons for selection, and parental rules about foods consumed. Participants took pictures of all foods consumed over 24 h and participated in semi-structured interviews to describe the context of each eating occasion using the pictures as a guide. Responses based on a total of 304 eating occasions were coded to classify foods based on United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) MyPlate food groups and to characterize parental rules and reasons for food selection. Average age was 10.9 ± 1.1 years and 60% were female. Approximately 58% of eating occasions were classified as iEOs with approximately 65% as snacks. Most iEOs took place at home. Foods frequently consumed during iEOs were from the sweets, total fruit, dairy, and whole fruit food categories. Primary parental rules for iEOs focused on avoiding certain foods and not eating too much. Early adolescents selected foods for convenience, taste preferences, and availability. Foods selected during iEOs were based on parent, household and early adolescent factors, which could be addressed to influence overall diet quality.

Suggested Citation

  • Jinan Banna & Rickelle Richards & Blake Jones & Alex Kojo Anderson & Marla Reicks & Mary Cluskey & Carolyn Gunther & Nobuko Kay Hongu & Karina Lora & Scottie Misner & Lillie Monroe-Lord & Glade Topham, 2020. "Describing Independent Eating Occasions among Low-Income Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-12, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:3:p:981-:d:316525
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    Cited by:

    1. Lillie Monroe-Lord & Alex Anderson & Blake L. Jones & Rickelle Richards & Marla Reicks & Carolyn Gunther & Jinan Banna & Glade L. Topham & Karina R. Lora & Siew Sun Wong & Miriam Ballejos & Laura Hopk, 2022. "Relationship between Family Racial/Ethnic Backgrounds, Parenting Practices and Styles, and Adolescent Eating Behaviors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-14, June.
    2. Lillie Monroe-Lord & Blake L. Jones & Rickelle Richards & Marla Reicks & Carolyn Gunther & Jinan Banna & Glade L. Topham & Alex Anderson & Karina R. Lora & Siew Sun Wong & Miriam Ballejos & Laura Hopk, 2021. "Parenting Practices and Adolescents’ Eating Behaviors in African American Families," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-13, December.

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